面向人机系统功能自愈的人为失误自愈对象预测方法  

Method of predicting self-recovery objects caused by human error oriented at human-machine system’s functional self-recovery

作　　者：孙赵帅 许波[1,2] 岳维坤 SUN Zhaoshuai;XU Bo;YUE Weikun(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130;National Technological Innovation Methods and Tool Engineering Research Center,Tianjin 300130)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学机械工程学院,天津300130 [2]国家技术创新方法与实施工具工程技术研究中心,天津300130

出　　处：《机械设计》2025年第3期1-11,共11页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：科技部创新方法工作专项(2019IMO50200);河北省高端装备制造技术创新专项(19211905D)。

摘　　要：传统机械系统出现故障后一般需要紧急停车进行修复。故障自愈理论在设计阶段预测可能出现的故障模式并进行自愈设计,使机械系统发生故障后可通过功能代偿继续完成功能执行,成为当前研究的热点。故障自愈设计的前提是预测机械产品使用环节可能发生的故障并分析其原因,从而确定自愈对象。数据表明:有70%~90%的机械系统故障直接或间接源于人为因素。目前,关于人为失误的研究多集中在失误诱因和分类上,缺乏针对人为失误导致机械产品故障的预测研究。文中提出了人对机械系统操作过程的功能模型构建方法,并建立人为失误关键词表,基于AFD的逆向思维提出面向人机系统故障自愈的人为失误自愈对象预测方法。最后,采用该方法对汽车离合器使用过程进行分析,确定了汽车离合器在“起步”阶段中的人为失误清单,与离合器相关研究成果的比对结果证明了文中所提方法的可行性和有效性。After the traditional mechanical system suffers failure,emergency shutdown is usually required for fault repair.In the design stage,according to the fault self-recovery theory,potential fault modes are predicted and then the self-recovery design is carried out,so that the mechanical system can be put into use again through functional compensation,which is a heated topic of research at present.The fault self-recovery design proceeds from predicting potential faults in the use of mechanical products and analyzing the causes,in order to determine the self-recovery objects.It is shown that about 70%~90% of mechanical system faults are directly or indirectly caused by human factors.Currently,the research on human error focuses on inducement and classification,instead of predicting faults of mechanical products caused by human error.In this article,efforts are made to construct the human-machine system’s functional model when it is operating,and a table of human-error keywords is identified.Next,based on the reverse thinking of AFD,a method is proposed to predict the self-recovery objects caused by human error,which is oriented at the human-machine system’s functional self-recovery.Finally,this method is applied to explore how the automobile clutch is used and work out the human-error list when the automobile clutch is in the“starting”stage.These results are compared with those obtained from the clutch-related research,which shows that this method is feasible and effective.

关 键 词：故障自愈 失效预测 AFD 人为失误 TRIZ 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]