治国理政视野下的王安石变法与宋代瓷窑业格局  

Wang Anshi's Reform and the Pattern of Porcelain Kiln Industry in the Song Dynasty from the Perspective of Governing the Country(Special Contribution)

作　　者：周雪妍 沈岳明 Zhou Xueyan;Shen Yueming

机构地区：[1]复旦大学文物与博物馆学系

出　　处：《南方文物》2025年第1期18-27,共10页Cultural Relics in Southern China

基　　金：2019年度国家社科基金重大项目《龙泉窑考古学研究》(项目编号:19ZDA230)阶段性成果;国家资助博士后研究人员计划资助(项目编号:GZC20230487)。

摘　　要：北宋晚期,南北方窑场在交融与激荡中形成了空前盛况,然其成因却未有更多探索。从治国理政的视野下,本文认为这与北宋煕丰年间掀起的改革运动,王安石变法,不无联系。文章以均输、市易二法切入,推测越窑不合新法导向而丧失了朝廷支持,北方窑场则趁势而起。变法的深化又进一步导致了宫廷用瓷“不堪用”的局面,成为了“制样须索”再获统治者倚重的契机,史料中所记“定州白瓷器有芒”可能是皇帝为符合新法立场而提出的官方借口。最终,在变法“平物价,抑兼并”“通有无,足国用”等思想、政策的铺垫下,经徽宗一朝的发展,北宋末年“名窑林立”“官民并举”的瓷窑业格局才得以成形。In the late Northern Song Dynasty,the kilns both in southern and northern China were forming a prosperous industrial landscape through the midst of interaction and competition,which was believed to be related to Wang Anshi's reform in this article from the perspective of governing the country.The article begins with a discussion of the two laws respectively called"Jun Shu"and"Shi Yi,to argue that the reason why Yue Kiln lost support from the court is that they did not conform to the new laws,and the kilns in the north took advantage of the situation.Subsequently,the results of the reform led to the"unbearable"situation of court porcelain's quality,which caused the emperor to order the porcelain by certain samples again.The claim that Dingzhou's white porcelain was defective might be an official excuse to defend a political position.In the end,it was under the guidance of the reform and the impetus of Emperor Huizong that many well-known kilns,both official and civilian,finallyemerged.

关 键 词：王安石变法 越窑衰落 宫廷用瓷 北宋瓷业 

分 类 号：K876.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]