印度两大史诗中的海洋形象  

Images of the Sea in Two Great Indian Epics

作　　者：任俐蓉 REN Lirong

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《国外文学》2025年第1期75-86,共12页Foreign Literatures

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“丝路文化视域下的东方文学与东方文学学科体系建设”(项目编号:19ZDA290)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《摩诃婆罗多》和《罗摩衍那》作为印度两大史诗,不仅全方位地记述了创作时期的印度社会思想文化,而且对后世有着源远流长的影响。两大史诗中的海洋形象已经成为印度民族集体无意识的重要部分。受印度教传统世界观影响,“海洋”在两大史诗中被视作是地理空间广度的标志。对于“海洋”本身,印度人认为其是神圣的象征,有着海洋“清洁”观。海洋“污染”观还有另一方面:强调其中有地狱入口、妖魔鬼怪,会使印度教徒堕落。这样看似矛盾的情感倾向反映了关于种姓、轮回等印度教传统世界观建构。探析两大史诗中的海洋形象,不仅可以完善对印度传统文化中海洋观念的认知,还能进一步了解当今印度的海洋关切受宗教情感影响的因素。As two great Indian epics,the Mahabharata and the Ramayana not only gave a comprehensive account of the social thought and culture of the Indian society during their creation,but also had a long-lasting influence on later generations.The images of the sea in the two epics have become an important part of the collective unconscious of the Indian nation.Influenced by the traditional Hindu worldview,the"sea"in the two epics is seen as a symbol of the breadth of geographic space.On the one hand,Indians regard the sea as a sacred symbol and have a"clean"view of the ocean,while a"polluted"view of the ocean is not uncommon:it is emphasized that it contains the entrance to hell,demons and monsters,and that it can corrupt Hindus.Such seemingly contradictory emotional tendencies reflect the traditional Hindu constructs of caste and reincarnation.A study of the oceanic images in the two epics will not only improve the understanding of the concept of the sea in traditional Indian culture,but also provide further insights into how religious sentiments influence contemporary India's concerns about the sea.

关 键 词：《摩诃婆罗多》 《罗摩衍那》 海洋形象 印度教传统 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]