基于Landsat-8的贺兰山生态环境质量时空演变分析  

Temporal and spatial evolution of ecological environment quality in Helan Mountain based on Landsat-8

作　　者：宋永飞 何原荣[2] 刘丽 刘少宇 康荣华 SONG Yongfei;HE Yuanrong;LIU Li;LIU Shaoyu;KANG Ronghua(Department of Natural Resources of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yinchuan 750002,China;Big Data Institute of Digital Natural Disaster Monitoring in Fujian,Xiamen University of Technology,Fujian 361024,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区国土资源调查监测院院,银川750002 [2]厦门理工学院数字福建自然灾害监测大数据研究所,福建厦门361024

出　　处：《测绘科学》2025年第1期82-93,共12页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：宁夏重点研发计划项目(2021BEG03001);2023年福建省对外合作项目(2023I0047)。

摘　　要：针对生态环境制约区域高质量发展的问题,探究其演变趋势利于长期监管与恢复治理。以宁夏贺兰山国家级自然保护区(宁夏段)为研究区,以2014—2023年为研究期,基于Landsat-8遥感影像,提取绿度(NDVI)、湿度(WET)、干度(NDSI)和热度(LST)4个指标数据;通过主成分分析法计算得到遥感生态指数(RSEI),进而分析2014—2023年贺兰山生态环境质量时空演变状况。研究发现:(1)研究期内研究区生态环境质量波动变化,但整体幅度不大,质量等级多为“一般”,占比约为50.00%;生态环境质量差异小幅波动变化,变化程度相对一致,变化趋势不一;(2)研究区生态环境质量西高东低,南高北低,整体呈东北-西南方向分布,重心始终位于贺兰县境内;(3)保护级别因素是生态环境质量差异的重要因素,且核心区>缓冲区>实验区;NDVI与LST是影响RSEI的重要内部因素,人口指标是影响RSEI的重要外部因素。结果表明,基于Landsat-8与RSEI的方法能够在大尺度上快速分析区域生态环境时空演变情况,提高生态环境质量评估效率,为推进宁夏贺兰山国家级自然保护区生态保护工作提供技术支持。Ecological and environmental problems restrict regional high-quality development, and exploring its evolution trend is conducive to long-term supervision and restoration governance. In this paper, the Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve(Ningxia Section)of Ningxia was selected as the research area, and the data of green degree(NDVI),humidity(WET),dryness(NDSI)and heat(LST)were extracted based on Landsat-8 remote sensing images from 2014 to 2023.The remote sensing Ecological index(RSEI)was calculated by principal component analysis to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of ecological environment quality in Helan Mountain from 2014 to 2023.Relative findings are as follows. First, during the study period, the ecological environment quality of the study area fluctuated, but the overall range was not large, and the quality grade was mostly “general”,accounting for about 50.00%. The difference of ecological environment quality fluctuates slightly, the degree of change is relatively consistent, and the trend of change is different. Second, the ecological environment quality of the study area is higher in the west and lower in the east, and higher in the south and lower in the north. The overall distribution is from northeast to southwest, and the center of gravity is always located in Helan County. Third, the protection level is an important factor in the difference of ecological environment quality, and the core area > buffer area > experimental area. NDVI and LST are important internal factors affecting RSEI,and population index is an important external factor affecting RSEI. The results show that the method based on Landsat-8 and RSEI can rapidly analyze the spatio-emporal evolution of the regional ecological environment on a large scale, improve the efficiency of ecological environment quality assessment, and provide technical support for promoting the ecological protection work of the Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve(Ningxia Section)of Ningxia.

关 键 词：遥感生态指数 生态环境质量 时空演变 贺兰山 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]