矿山占损土地遥感监测与土壤侵蚀定量研究  

Remote sensing monitoring of mine-occupied land and quantitative assessment of soil erosion

作　　者：陈捷 左丽媛 王耿明 邢宇 CHEN Jie;ZUO Liyuan;WANG Gengming;XING Yu(Guangdong Geological Survey and Research Institute,Guangzhou 510110,China;China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing and Research Center for Natural Resources,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省地质调查研究院,广州510110 [2]中国自然资源航空物探遥感中心,北京100083

出　　处：《测绘科学》2025年第1期160-168,共9页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：中国地质调查项目(DD20230100);广东省矿产资源执法监测项目(2024年)(ARGS2024X048);广东省矿产资源执法监测项目(2025年)。

摘　　要：针对矿山开发占地扩张以及伴随的土壤侵蚀问题,基于高空间分辨率遥感影像,精确提取了广东省两个典型县域矿山开发占地的空间分布,动态分析了新增损毁土地和恢复治理的面积变化。基于RUSLE模型定量评估了新增矿山损毁土地引发的土壤侵蚀情况。封开县的矿山开发占地方式包括采场、中转场地、固体废弃物、矿山建筑4个类型,开发占地总面积为393.77 hm^(2),云安区除上述4个类型外,还存在塌陷坑的分布,矿山开发占地总面积为888.29 hm^(2)。研究区的土壤侵蚀由降雨侵蚀力和植被覆盖所主导,且土壤侵蚀程度总体表现为轻度侵蚀等级。矿山开发显著加剧土地损毁与土壤侵蚀,亟需加强复垦修复与监管,促进资源开发与生态保护协调发展。Aiming at the expansion of land occupied by mine development and the accompanying soil erosion problems,this study precisely mapped the spatial distribution of mining-occupied land in two representative counties in Guangdong Province based on high spatial resolution remote sensing imagery.Additionally,it dynamically analyzed changes in the extent of newly damaged land and restoration efforts.Subsequently,using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)model,we quantitatively assessed soil erosion arising from the newly damaged mine land.Our findings reveal that mining-occupied land in Fengkai County comprises four types:stope,transit site,solid waste,and mine construction,totaling 393.77 hm^(2).In Yun'an District,in addition to these four types,there is also the distribution of collapsed pits,with a total mining-occupied land area of 888.29 hm^(2).Soil erosion in the study area is primarily influenced by rainfall erosivity and vegetation cover,and is characterized by mild erosion levels.Mine development has significantly exacerbated land destruction and soil erosion,and there is an urgent need to strengthen reclamation,restoration efforts,and supervision,as well as to promote the coordinated development of resource extraction and ecological protection.

关 键 词：矿山开发 遥感监测 土壤侵蚀 RUSLE模型 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]