2021-2022年南宁市某妇幼医院儿童呼吸道合胞病毒感染的临床特征及相关因素分析  

Analysis of clinical characteristics and related factors of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children at a Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Nanning from 2021 to 2022

作　　者：陈春秀 黄树稳 颜云盈[1] CHEN Chunxiu;HUANG Shuwen;YAN Yunying(Department of Pediatrics,Nanning Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁市妇幼保健院儿科,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2025年第4期865-869,共5页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z20211403)。

摘　　要：目的分析儿童呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染的临床特征及相关因素。方法通过医院信息系统采集2021年6月至2022年6月该院因急性下呼吸道感染(ALRTI)住院儿童206例的临床资料。所有患儿均行病原学检查,根据患儿是否发生RSV感染将其分为病例组和对照组。统计ALRTI患儿临床特征,采用多因素logistic回归分析ALRTI患儿RSV感染的影响因素,并构建预测模型;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析预测模型对ALRTI患儿RSV感染的预测效果。结果206例ALRTI患儿中RSV抗原或核酸阳性者共51例(病例组),阴性病例共155例(对照组);RSV感染患儿的主要症状为咳嗽(96.08%,48/51)、发热(64.71%,33/51)、气促/喘息(23.53%,12/51)、腹泻/呕吐/胸痛(7.84%,4/51)。2组患儿呼吸频率、心率、住院时间、营养情况、中性粒细胞比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,呼吸频率、心率、营养情况是ALRTI患儿RSV的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。根据logistic回归预测模型:ln[1/(1-P)]=5.044+0.025×呼吸频率+0.016×心率+0.567×营养情况。Homser-Lemeshow检验拟合优度较好(χ^(2)=3.288,P=0.915);ROC曲线分析显示,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.745(95%CI 0.663~0.827),灵敏度、特异度分别为74.50%、69.03%。结论RSV感染患儿的临床特征以咳嗽、发热、气促/喘息为主;呼吸频率、心率、营养情况是ALRTI患儿RSV的独立影响因素,通过构建预测模型对ALRTI患儿RSV感染具有较好的预测价值。Objective To analyze the clinical features and related factors of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)infection in children.Methods A total of 206 children hospitalized with acute lower respiratory tract infection(ALRTI)in our hospital from June 2021 to June 2022 were collected through the hospital information system.All children underwent etiological examination,and were divided into the case group and the control group according to whether RSV infection occured.The clinical features of ALRTI children were statistically analyzed,and factors affecting RSV infection in ALRTI children were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression.A prediction model was constructed,and the predictive effect of the model for RSV infection in ALRTI children was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.Results Among the 206 ALRTI children,51 were positive for RSV antigen or nucleic acid(case group),and 155 were negative(control group).The main symptoms of RSV infected children were cough(96.08%,48/51),fever(64.71%,33/51),shortness of breath/wheezing(23.53%,12/51),and diarrhea/vomiting/chest pain(7.84%,4/51).Significant differences were found between the two groups in respiratory rate,heart rate,hospitalization time,nutritional status,and neutrophil count(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that respiratory rate,heart rate,and nutritional status were independent influencing factors for RSV infection in ALRTI children(P<0.05).The logistic regression prediction model was as follows:ln[1/(1-P)]=5.044+0.025×respiratory rate+0.016×heart rate+0.567×nutritional status.The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed good goodness-of-fit(χ^(2)=3.288,P=0.915).ROC analysis showed an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.745(95%CI 0.663-0.827),with sensitivity and specificity of 74.50%and 69.03%,respectively.Conclusion The clinical features of children with RSV infection are primarily cough,fever,and shortness of breath/wheezing.Respiratory rate,heart rate,and nutritional status are independent factors affecting RS

关 键 词：急性下呼吸道感染 呼吸道合胞病毒感染 临床特征 相关因素 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]