胶州湾不同环境介质中多环芳烃的分布、来源和生态风险评价  

Distribution,Sources and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs)in Different Environmental Media of Jiaozhou Bay

作　　者：王晓雪 曹亚俐 金红[3] 梁星祖 王瑶瑶 王林鑫 李宏观[1,2] 叶曦雯 梁生康 Wang Xiaoxue;Cao Yali;Jin Hong;Liang Xingzu;Wang Yaoyao;Wang Linxin;Li Hongguan;Ye Xiwen;Liang Shengkang(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;The Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment,Qingdao 266003,China;Technology Center of Qingdao Customs,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]山东省青岛生态环境监测中心,山东青岛266003 [4]青岛海关技术中心,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第5期100-112,共13页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：崂山实验室“十四五”重大项目:海洋环境新污染物防治与水环境安全项目(LSKJ202203901);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(202262009,202464007)资助。

摘　　要：多环芳烃(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)是一类具有强致癌、致畸和致突变效应的持久性有机污染物。在高强度人类活动背景下,近海环境中PAHs的分布、来源和风险评估备受关注。本文通过2022年8月(丰水期)和2023年4月(枯水期)在胶州湾海域开展的2次调查,分析了胶州湾表层海水中PAHs(DPAHs)、悬浮颗粒物中PAHs(PPAHs)和表层沉积物中PAHs(SPAHs)污染状况、来源及介质分配行为,并评估了其生态风险。胶州湾丰水期16种DPAHs、PPAHs和SPAHs的平均浓度分别为(124.7±19.7)、(345.8±141.7)和(634.4±121.9)ng·g^(-1);枯水期DPAHs和PPAHs的平均浓度分别为(622.5±215.8)和(239.6±313.9)ng·L^(-1)。丰水期DPAHs以3环为主,平均占比为28.1%±4.5%,枯水期以4环为主,平均占比为42.9%±5.3%;丰水期与枯水期PPAHs均以3环为主,平均占比分别为40.5%±6.6%和42.2%±10.4%;SPAHs以2—4环为主,平均占比为84.4%±3.1%。DPAHs和PPAHs与盐度呈显著负相关,表明陆源输入是胶州湾水体中PAHs的重要来源;丰水期PPAHs浓度与颗粒有机碳呈显著正相关,而2环SPAHs与沉积有机碳呈显著正相关,表明有机碳含量是影响PPAHs和SPAHs分布的重要因素。丰水期和枯水期16种PAHs的颗粒物-水有机碳归一化系数的对数(lg K_(OC(SPM-W)))大部分低于经典平衡分配模型的预测值下限且与辛醇-水分配系数的对数(lg K_(OW))之间的斜率小于1,表明胶州湾颗粒物对PAHs的亲和力较差。特征比值解析结果表明,胶州湾PAHs主要来源于石油、煤炭、生物质燃烧。胶州湾DPAHs丰水期为低风险,枯水期为中高风险;PPAHs在丰水期和枯水期均为中低风险;SPAHs则为中高风险。Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs)are a class of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)with carcinogenic,teratogenic and mutagenic.Under the background of high-intensity human activities,the distribution,sources and risk assessment of PAHs in the offshore are of great concern.Based on two surveys conducted in August 2022(wet season)and April 2023(dry season)in Jiaozhou Bay,this paper analyzes the pollution status,sources and distribution behaviors amongdifferent media in surface seawater(DPAHs),PAHs in suspended particulate matter(PPAHs)and PAHs in surface sediment(SPAHs),and assesses the ecological risk of PAHs.During the wet season,the average concentrations of DPAHs,PPAHs and SPAHs are(124.7±19.7),(345.8±141.7)and(634.4±121.9)ng·g^(-1) dw,respectively.The mean concentrations of DPAHs and PPAHs are(622.52±215.8)and(239.6±313.9)ng·L^(-1) in the dry season,respectively.DPAHs are dominated by 3 rings in the wet season,with an average proportion of 28.1%±4.5%and are dominated by 4 rings in the dry season,with an average proportion of 42.9%±5.3%.In both the wet and dry seasons,PPAHs are dominated by 3 rings,with an average proportion of 40.49%±6.63%and 42.23%±10.42%,respectively.SPAHs are dominated by 2—3 rings,with an average percentage of 67.5%±7.0%.DPAHs and PPAHs show a significant negative correlation with salinity,indicating that land-based input is an important source of PAHs in waterof Jiaozhou Bay.The significant positive correlation between PPAHs and POC,2 rings SPAHs and TOC in the wet season,indicating that the content of organic matter is the important factors influencing the distribution of PPAHs and SPAHs.The logarithm of the normalized particulate-water organic carbon coefficients(lg K_(OC(SPM-W)))for the 16 PAHs inthewetanddryseasonsare mostly lower than the lower limit of the predictions of the classical equilibrium partitioning model and the slopes with respect to the logarithm of the partition coefficients of the octanol-water(lg K_(OW))are less than 1,suggesting that the particula

关 键 词：多环芳烃 环境介质 来源解析 生态风险 胶州湾 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学]