抛物槽式太阳能集热器集热性能的实验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON HEAT COLLECTION PERFORMANCE OF PARABOLIC TROUGH SOLAR COLLECTORS

作　　者：戴安 赵强 郭杰 Dai An;Zhao Qiang;Guo Jie(School of Physics and Technology,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学物理科学与技术学院,济南250022

出　　处：《太阳能》2025年第4期41-48,共8页Solar Energy

基　　金：济南市“高校20条”产业创新载体项目(2021GXRC116);山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程(2022TSGC2135,2023TSGC0236)。

摘　　要：依托山东省泰安市某抛物槽式太阳能集热供暖系统搭建实验平台,对不同天气类别、法向直接辐照度、导热油入口温度等因素对抛物槽式太阳能集热器集热性能的影响进行了研究。研究结果显示:1)太阳能集热器的瞬时集热效率受天气影响较大,晴天时,太阳能集热器的最大瞬时集热效率可达0.73;风天时,受风速影响,太阳能集热器的最大瞬时集热效率为0.61;雾天时,法向直接辐照度受到空气中颗粒物的削弱,太阳能集热器的最大瞬时集热效率为0.46;而雨天时,太阳能集热器的瞬时集热效率处于0.03~0.08之间。2)在导热油入口温度一定的情况下,随着法向直接辐照度增大,太阳能集热器的瞬时集热效率也随之增大。3)当法向直接辐照度为500和600 W/m^(2)时,太阳能集热器的瞬时集热效率随导热油入口温度的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势;而当法向直接辐照度为700和800 W/m^(2)时,由于较高的法向直接辐照度弥补了太阳能集热器的部分热损,太阳能集热器的瞬时集热效率随导热油入口温度的增大一直呈增大趋势,但增幅较为平缓。以期研究结果可为抛物槽式太阳能集热器在采暖工程的进一步应用提供理论支持。This paper established an experimental platform based on a parabolic trough solar heating system in Taian City,Shandong Province,and studies the effects of weather conditions,direct normal irradiance(DNI),and inlet temperature of thermal oil on the heat collection performance of the solar collector.The research results show that:1)The instantaneous thermal efficiency of the solar collector is significantly affected by weather.On sunny days,the maximum instantaneous efficiency reached 0.73.During windy conditions,influenced by wind speed,the efficiency dropped to 0.61.On foggy days,due to the attenuation of DNI caused by airborne particles,the maximum efficiency was 0.46.During rainy days,the instantaneous efficiency remained between 0.03 and 0.08.2)With a constant inlet temperature of thermal oil,the instantaneous thermal efficiency of the solar collector increased as the DNI increased.3)At DNI levels of 500 W/m^(2) and 600 W/m^(2),the instantaneous efficiency initially increased and then decreased with rising inlet oil temperature.when the DNI levels is 700 W/m^(2) and 800 W/m^(2),due to the higher DNI compensating for some of the heat loss of the solar collector,the instantaneous heat collection efficiency of the solar collector continues to increase with the increase of the inlet temperature of the thermal oil,but the increase is relatively gentle.These findings provide theoretical support for advancing the application of parabolic trough solar collectors in heating engineering projects.

关 键 词：抛物槽式太阳能集热器 瞬时集热效率 法向直接辐照度 入口温度 供暖 

分 类 号：TK515[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]