高层住宅建筑中集中式太阳能热水系统的适用性研究  

RESEARCH ON APPLICABILITY OF CENTRALIZED SOLAR HOT WATER SYSTEMS IN HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

作　　者：翟华维 Zhai Huawei(School of Architecture,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Dezhou Jiancheng Survey Design Review Co.,Ltd,Dezhou 253000,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院,天津300072 [2]德州市建诚勘察设计审查有限公司,德州253000

出　　处：《太阳能》2025年第4期92-99,共8页Solar Energy

摘　　要：在高层住宅建筑中应用集中式太阳能热水系统逐渐增多的背景下,研究此类热水系统对住宅建筑的适用性非常有必要。首先介绍了高层住宅建筑中集中式太阳能热水系统的系统形式、安装形式,然后对比分析了3种系统形式的集中式太阳能热水系统的特点,最后结合北京地区的气候特点建立平屋面高层住宅建筑模型,对集中式太阳能热水系统在高层住宅建筑中的适用性进行了分析研究。研究结果表明:11层及11层以下的平屋面高层住宅建筑,集中式太阳能热水系统采用屋面支架式安装形式可基本满足居民生活热水需求;17层及17层以下的高层住宅建筑,集中式太阳能热水系统采用屋面飘板式安装形式可基本满足居民生活热水需求。与屋面支架式相比,集中式太阳能热水系统采用屋面飘板式时的热水保证率更高,但此种安装形式需要利用钢结构将太阳能集热器整体架空安装,增加了安装工程的碳排放量,导致太阳能热水系统项目的节能减排效益大幅降低。高层住宅建筑太阳能热水系统的设计选型,应该从建筑层数、整体节能性、运行稳定性等多个角度综合考量。Against the backdrop of the increasing use of centralized solar hot water systems in high-rise residential buildings,it is necessary to study the applicability of such hot water systems to residential buildings.This paper first introduces the system forms and installation forms of centralized solar hot water systems in high-rise residential buildings,then compares and analyzes the characteristics of three types of system forms of centralized solar hot water systems.Finally,a flat roof high-rise residential building model is established based on the climate characteristics of Beijing area,and the applicability of centralized solar hot water systems in high-rise residential buildings is analyzed and studied.The research results show that for high-rise residential buildings with flat roofs of 11 floors and below,the centralized solar hot water system using roof bracket type installation form can basically meet the hot water needs of residents'daily life.For high-rise residential buildings with 17 floors or less,the centralized solar hot water system adopts a roof floating plate type installation form,which can basically meet the hot water needs of residents'daily life.Compared with the roof bracket type,the centralized solar hot water system has a higher hot water guarantee rate when using a roof floating plate type,but this installation form requires the use of steel structures to install the solar collector as a whole overhead,which increases the carbon emissions of the installation project,and significantly reduces the energy-saving and emission reduction benefits of solar hot water system project.The design and selection of solar hot water systems for high-rise residential buildings should be comprehensively considered from multiple perspectives such as building floors,overall energy efficiency,and operational stability.

关 键 词：高层住宅建筑 集中式太阳能热水系统 太阳能集热器 适用性 生活热水 

分 类 号：TK519[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程] TU241.8[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]