砷剂暴露后体内残留以及健康风险评估的研究进展  

Research progress on risk assessment of human health upon arsenic exposure

作　　者：缪晓帆[1] 杨涛[2] 李思洋[3] MIAO Xiaofan;YANG Tao;LI Siyang(Department of Vasculocardiology,Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210029,China;School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology,Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210046,China;Department of Clinical Laboratory,Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学附属医院心内科,江苏南京210029 [2]南京中医药大学人工智能与信息技术学院,江苏南京210046 [3]南京中医药大学附属医院检验科,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《生物加工过程》2025年第2期182-189,共8页Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3502302);国家自然科学基金面上项目(82174276)。

摘　　要：砷(As)是环境介质中含有的天然元素,职业性和非职业性As接触普遍存在;近30年来,As制剂在恶性肿瘤治疗领域,特别是用于急性早幼粒细胞白血病的化疗已取得了成功。然而,人体长期接触As具有潜在的危害,使得As暴露后的健康风险评估和毒性防治已成为研究者所关注的重点。通过梳理国内外环境中As暴露及应用As制剂治疗后的长期随访研究结果提示,As暴露可对皮肤、消化系统、神经系统、呼吸系统、内分泌系统、心血管系统、生殖功能、子代健康以及肿瘤的发生具有不利影响,因此,在As制剂暴露过程中加强随访并制定个体化的治疗方案显得特别重要。此外,微量元素的补充、抗氧化剂的摄入等都可能减轻慢性As中毒的毒性反应,并发挥有益的防治作用。Arsenic(As),a naturally existing element in the environmental media,is often utilized and exposed in occupational and non-occupational settings.In the past 30 years,some arsenic agents have been successfully developed for the treatment of malignant tumors,especially acute promyelocytic leukemia.Nevertheless,long-term exposure to arsenic can cause potential hazards.Herein,we reviewed the long-term follow-up studies on environmental and drug-induced arsenic exposure,and summarized the resultant potential problems,including skin disorders,alterations in the digestive/nervous/respiratory/endocrine/vascular/genital systems,damage of offspring health,and the onset of malignancies.Therefore,it is particularly important to strengthen monitoring and develop individual treatment plan in the process of arsenic exposure.In addition,the supplementation of trace elements and the intake of antioxidants may play a beneficial role in alleviating chronic arsenic poisoning.

关 键 词：砷 环境暴露 化疗 长期随访 慢性并发症 

分 类 号：R99[医药卫生—毒理学]