紫苏子化学成分和药理作用的研究进展及其质量标志物预测  

Research progress of chemical compositions and pharmacological actions of Perillae Fructus and prediction of its quality markers

作　　者：孙新茹 李鑫蕊 王玉清 张新军[1,2] SUN Xin-ru;LI Xin-rui;WANG Yu-qing;ZHANG Xin-jun(Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine;Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis of Key Disciplines of State Administration of TCM,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省中医药研究院 [2]国家中医药管理局中药分析学高水平重点学科,济南250014

出　　处：《天然产物研究与开发》2025年第4期768-791,658,共25页Natural Product Research and Development

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2024TSGC0408);山东省中医药科技项目(Q-2023022,Q-2023169,Q-2023179)。

摘　　要：紫苏子是传统中药,广泛应用于中医临床。其含有多种化学成分,包括挥发油类、脂肪酸类、黄酮类、酚酸类、植物甾醇类等,具有止咳平喘、抗菌、抗过敏、降血脂、降糖、抗癌、抗衰老、增强记忆力等多种药理作用。本文总结了紫苏子的化学成分和药理作用,结合中药质量标志物(quality marker,Q-Marker)概念,从紫苏子的植物亲缘性及成分特有性、传统药性、化学成分与临床应用的关联性、不同加工方法、成分可测性、不同配伍环境等多角度综合对其Q-Marker进行预测分析。结果表明,迷迭香酸、咖啡酸、木犀草素、芹菜素、α-亚麻酸及紫苏醇等成分可作为紫苏子的Q-Marker,为紫苏子的药效物质基础及质量评价体系的完善提供依据。Perillae Fructus is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine,which is widely used in Chinese medicine clinics.It contains a variety of chemical components,including volatile oils,fatty acids,flavonoids,phenolic acids,phytosterols,etc.It has a variety of pharmacological effects,such as anti-cough and anti-asthma,antibacterial,anti-allergic,hypolipidemic,hypoglycemic,anti-cancer,anti-aging,and memory enhancement.In this paper,the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Perillae Fructus were summarized,and combined with the concept of quality marker(Q-Marker)in traditional Chinese medicine.The Q-Markers of Perillae Fructus were comprehensively predicted and analyzed from the perspectives of plant affinity and compositional peculiarities,traditional medicinal properties,the correlation between chemical composition and clinical application,different processing methods,measurability of components,different compounding environments and so on.The results suggested that rosmarinic acid,caffeic acid,luteolin,apigenin,α-linolenic acid and dihydro cuminyl alcohol could be used as the Q-Markers of Perillae Fructus,which could provide the basis for the improvement of the pharmacological material basis of Perillae Fructus and the quality evaluation system.

关 键 词：紫苏子 质量标志物 黄酮类 酚酸类 脂肪酸类 挥发油类 

分 类 号：R961.1[医药卫生—药理学]