精准赋能绿色生产力发展的宏观调控政策  

Macro-control Policies for Accurately Empowering Green Productivity Development

作　　者：张人中 马理 Zhang Renzhong;Ma Li

机构地区：[1]湖南大学金融与统计学院,湖南长沙410079

出　　处：《西南金融》2025年第3期99-110,共12页Southwest Finance

基　　金：国家自科基金面上项目“中美货币政策分化调整对我国跨境资本流动的影响:头寸失衡、风险溢出与制度设计”(72473037);国家自科基金面上项目“发达国家货币政策跨国传导的复杂溢出效应:开放经济条件下的DSGE多国模型与VAR数据检验”(72073042);湖南大学金融与统计学院湘财证券宏观经济研究项目(2024056)的资助。

摘　　要：2025年政府工作报告强调,协同推进降碳减污扩绿增长,加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型。绿色发展是高质量发展的底色,新质生产力本身就是绿色生产力;通过宏观调控政策精准引导企业降低碳排放、提高生产效率和实现转型升级,是赋能绿色生产力发展的重要切入点。本文测算了我国绿色生产力的发展水平,分析了促进绿色生产力发展的理论逻辑,梳理了促进绿色生产力发展的政策实践,进行了促进绿色生产力发展的政策展望。研究显示:我国绿色生产力整体发展态势良好但存在地区差异,东部和中部地区增长较快,西部地区相对滞后。结构性货币政策、碳税政策、绿色财政政策和宏观审慎政策可以促进绿色生产力发展,但目前尚存在传导渠道不够通畅、发展水平难以测算评估、多类型政策方向不一致与难以协同等问题。建议优化结构性货币政策与碳税政策设计,提升绿色财政政策的支持力度与区域平衡,加强宏观审慎政策的风险识别与监管工具创新,强化宏观政策的协同性,通过宏观政策组合精准赋能绿色生产力发展,协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿与增长。The 2025 government work report emphasizes the concerted promotion of carbon reduction,pollu⁃tion reduction and green growth,and the acceleration of comprehensive green transformation of economic and so⁃cial development.Green development is the bottom color of high-quality development,and the new quality produc⁃tivity itself is green productivity.Accurately guiding enterprises to reduce carbon emissions,improve productivity and realize transformation and upgrading through macro-control policies is an important entry point to empower the development of green productivity.This paper measures the development level of China's green productivity,analyzes the theoretical logic of promoting the development of green productivity,combs through the policy prac⁃tice of promoting the development of green productivity,and carries out the policy outlook of promoting the devel⁃opment of green productivity.The study shows that:the overall development of green productivity in China is good but there are regional differences,with faster growth in the eastern and central regions and a relative lag in the western region.Structural monetary policy,carbon tax policy,green fiscal policy and macro-prudential policy can promote the development of green productivity,but there are still problems such as insufficiently smooth transmis⁃sion channels,difficulty in measuring and assessing the level of development,and inconsistency in the direction of multiple types of policies and difficulty in synergy.It is recommended to optimize the design of structural monetary policy and carbon tax policy,enhance the support and regional balance of green fiscal policy,strengthen the risk identification and innovation of regulatory tools in macroprudential policy,strengthen the synergy of macro poli⁃cies,and accurately empower the development of green productivity through the combination of macro policies,so as to synergistically push forward the reduction of carbon emissions,pollution reduction,green expansion and economy development.

关 键 词：新质生产力 绿色生产力 绿色低碳发展 高质量发展 宏观调控 绿色金融 碳税 “双碳”目标 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]