泪液葡萄糖检测研究进展  

Research progress of tear glucose detection

作　　者：温鑫(综述) 张铭志(审校)[1] Wen Xin;Zhang Mingzhi(Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong,Shantou 515041,China)

机构地区：[1]汕头大学·香港中文大学联合汕头国际眼科中心,汕头515041

出　　处：《中华实验眼科杂志》2025年第4期368-372,共5页Chinese Journal Of Experimental Ophthalmology

基　　金：李嘉诚基金会交叉研究项目(2020LKSFG14B);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2023A1515220094);汕头市医疗卫生科技项目(240511096499246)。

摘　　要：糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是糖尿病常见的眼部微血管并发症,是引起工作年龄段人群首位的致盲眼病。在众多因素中,高血糖水平是影响DR进展的关键危险因素。因此,血糖监控对于DR患者至关重要。目前在临床和家庭中普遍采用血糖仪和连续的血糖监测系统对其血液中葡萄糖水平进行监测,由于这2种方式均有创,且检测高频、需要定期校准和更换,因而众多研究者致力于葡萄糖连续且无创检测的研究。研究发现,生物体液中的某些代谢物水平可能与眼部或全身疾病的状态显著相关,可作为无创检测的生物学指标。泪液葡萄糖浓度与血液葡萄糖浓度呈现确定的线性正相关关系,可反映眼部及全身葡萄糖水平的波动情况。加之泪液可通过非侵入性的方法收集获得,因此围绕葡萄糖生物标志物结合生物材料和物理传感器形成了新的研究热点。本文就泪液葡萄糖的来源与转运、泪液葡萄糖与血糖以及DR的关系、泪液葡萄糖的无创检测等研究进展进行综述。Diabetic retinopathy(DR),a common microvascular ocular complication of diabetes mellitus,is a leading cause of irreversible blindness among the working-age individuals.Among several factors,high blood glucose level is the key risk factor affecting DR progression.Therefore,blood glucose monitoring is important for DR patients.Currently,glucometers and continuous blood glucose monitoring systems are widely used to monitor blood glucose levels in clinical practice and at home.Since these two methods are both invasive,high-frequency detection,and require regular calibration and replacement,many researchers have been dedicated to continuous and noninvasive detection of glucose.It has been found that the levels of some metabolites in biological fluids can be significantly correlated with the state of ocular or systemic diseases,which could be used as biological indicators for noninvasive detection.Due to the positive linear correlation between tear and blood glucose concentrations,tear glucose level could reflect the fluctuations of systemic and ocular glucose levels.Moreover,tears could be collected by noninvasive methods.Therefore,a new research hotspot has been formed around glucose biomarkers combined with biomaterials and physical sensors.This article reviews the origin and transport of tear glucose,the correlation between tear glucose and blood glucose and DR,and the noninvasive monitoring of tear glucose.

关 键 词：糖尿病视网膜病变 血糖 泪液葡萄糖 无创 检测 

分 类 号：R587.2[医药卫生—内分泌]