巴州小茴香生产现状、问题及对策  

Current situation,problems and countermeasures of cumin production in Bazhou

作　　者：郑楠 金若成 阿德力·阿力甫 赵黎炜 汤刘帅 黄海波 陈勇 Zhen Nan;Jin Ruocheng;Adeli·Alifu;Zhao Liwei;Tang Liushuai;Huang Haibo;Chen Yong(Agricultural and Rural Mechanization Development Center of Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang,Korla,841000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]巴音郭楞蒙古自治州农业农村机械化发展中心,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《新疆农机化》2025年第2期22-25,31,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Mechanization

摘　　要：巴音郭楞蒙古自治州(巴州)凭借其独特的温带大陆性气候,成为小茴香优质种植区。2024年巴州小茴香种植面积约2万hm2,产量超15 000 t,产值近5亿元,种植面积增长迅速。其种植模式多样,包括正播、复播玉米、套种玉米和棉花等多种方式,且耕整地、播种环节机械化程度较高,但收获环节机械化面临困境。当前存在种植模式繁杂阻碍机械收获、人工成本高昂压缩利润空间、脱粒效果不佳增加作业成本等问题。为此,建议加强农机农艺融合以规范种植模式、加大机具研发投入、强化示范推广并增强政策扶持,推动小茴香产业机械化发展。Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture(Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture)has become a high-quality cumin planting area due to its unique temperate continental climate.In 2024,the planting area of cumin in Bazhou was about 200,00 hm,with an output of more than 15,000 tons and an output value of nearly 500 million yuan,and the planting area was growing rapidly.Its planting modes are diverse,including normal sowing,re-sowing corn,interplanting corn and cotton,etc.,and the degree of mechanization of land preparation and sowing is high.Still,the mechanization of harvesting is facing difficulties.At present,there are problems such as complicated planting patterns hindering mechanical harvesting,high labor costs,compressing profit margins,and poor threshing effect increasing operating costs.To this end,it is recommended to strengthen the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy to standardize the planting mode,increase investment in the research and development of machinery and tools,strengthen demonstration and promotion and policy support,and promote the mechanization development of the cumin industry.

关 键 词：小茴香 玉米 套种 模式 技术要点 

分 类 号：S573.9[农业科学—作物学]