服务业制度型开放对大气环境空间溢出的影响——基于中国服务外包示范城市的准自然实验  

The Impact of Institutional Openness in the Service Sector on Atmospheric Environmental Spillover:Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment in China’s Service Outsourcing Demonstration Cities

作　　者：孟翡 杨君[1] 张昕 詹淼华 MENG Fei;YANG Jun;ZHANG Xin;ZHAN Miaohua(School of Economics and Management,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018,China;Business College,Beijing Union University,Beijing 100025,China;Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation,Beijing 100710,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学经管学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]北京联合大学商务学院,北京100025 [3]商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院,北京100710

出　　处：《生态经济》2025年第5期175-183,共9页Ecological Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学青年基金“服务业制度型开放对服务型制造企业升级的有效性检验与协调机制研究”(21CJY059);浙江省社会科学规划课题“服务业开放、国内制度质量与下游制造企业出口绩效”(21NDQN237YB)。

摘　　要：服务外包示范城市是中国服务业制度型开放的高地,评估该项政策对城市生态环境的影响,有助于更全面地刻画贸易开放的政策绩效,推动开放发展战略与绿色发展理念的耦合与兼容。论文基于2005—2021年108个环保城市的面板数据,采用空间多时点双重差分法,评估“服务外包示范城市”政策对城市生态环境的影响。结果显示,该政策显著降低了本地及邻近城市大气污染。机制分析发现,该政策能够通过产业结构升级和绿色创新渠道提升环境绩效,且环境绩效随试点推进逐步释放,9年内出现两次高峰,表现出时间异质性。试点城市对非试点城市大气环境溢出效应随空间距离“先变小再变大又变小”,最优辐射距离为150~175 km,具有空间异质性。基于此,应该更加充分地发挥城市制度型开放高地的作用,加强制度创新,促进经济与环境协同发展。Service outsourcing demonstration cities are the highlands of institutional liberalization of service industries in China.Assessing the impact of pilot policies on urban ecological environment is conducive to comprehensively characterize the policy performance of trade opening and promote the coupling and compatibility of open development strategy and new concept of green development.This study uses panel data from 108 environmentally friendly cities from 2005 to 2021 and employs a spatial multi-period difference-in-differences method to evaluate the impact of the“service outsourcing demonstration cities”policy on urban ecological environments.The results indicate that the policy significantly reduces air pollution in both local and neighboring cities.Mechanism analysis reveals that the policy enhances environmental performance through industrial structure upgrading and green innovation channels.Moreover,the environmental performance improvement unfolds progressively with policy implementation,featuring two peaks within nine years,demonstrating temporal heterogeneity.The spillover effects of pilot cities on the air environment of non-pilot cities exhibit spatial heterogeneity,with the impact first decreasing,then increasing,and decreasing again as spatial distance grows.The optimal radiation range is 150 km to 175 km.Based on these findings,efforts should focus on leveraging the institutional openness of cities,strengthening institutional innovation,and promoting coordinated economic and environmental development.

关 键 词：服务业对外开放 服务外包示范城市 空间双重差分 大气环境改善 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X196