低温推进剂微重力无排气加注流体热力态分布仿真研究  

Simulation investigation on fluid thermal state distribution of cryogenic propellant no-vent filling in microgravity

作　　者：时睿 吴胜宝[2] 艾立强 王磊[1] 马原[1] 厉彦忠[1] Shi Rui;Wu Shengbao;Ai Liqiang;Wang Lei;Ma Yuan;Li Yanzhong(Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学制冷与低温技术研究所,西安710049 [2]中国运载火箭技术研究院,北京100076

出　　处：《低温工程》2025年第2期34-45,共12页Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52495001)。

摘　　要：针对低温推进剂在轨加注中的受注箱无排气进液过程,采用CFD方法开展数值仿真研究。建立了预示加注过程壁面温度分布与箱内流体热力态分布的二维轴对称模型。研究了加注口结构、重力水平、初始温度等因素对无排气加注规律的影响,结果表明:(1)常重力下,喷雾棒进液结构有利于箱内温度均一,并实现高充注率液体加注;(2)微重力下,贮箱压力与液体充注率受加注口结构的影响较弱,无排气加注前的贮箱初始温度分布会显著影响加注过程的压力水平,进液流量影响加注时间和最终的液体充注率;(3)无排气加注过程采用喷雾棒结构的地面加注方案可以表征微重力下的箱内流体热力态分布与压力演化规律,方便了在地面环境下研究在轨低温加注的特性与规律。A numerical simulation study using the CFD method was performed for the no-vent filling process of the receiver tank during cryogenic propellant on-orbit refilling.A two-dimension-al axisymmetric model was established in order to predict the wall surface temperature distribution and the thermal state distribution of the fluid in the tank during the filling process.An investiga-tion was conducted into the impact of the injection structure,gravity level and initial temperature on the performance of the no-vent fill.The computational results indicated that spray bar injection is conducive to a uniform temperature inside the tank and achieves a high liquid filling rate under normal gravity,the tank pressure and liquid filling rate are weakly affected by the injection struc-ture under microgravity.However,the initial temperature distribution of the storage tank prior to no-vent filling significantly affects the pressure level of the filling process.Furthermore,the inlet flow rate affects the filling time and the final liquid filling rate.The ground filling scheme with the spray bar structure for the no-vent filling process has the capacity to characterize the thermal state distribution and pressure evolution law of the fluid inside the storage tank under microgravity,which greatly facilitates the study of the characteristics and laws of on-orbit cryogenic refilling in the ground environment.

关 键 词：无排气加注 低温推进剂 数值模拟 微重力 

分 类 号：TB612[一般工业技术—制冷工程]