车载液氢气瓶防过充装置性能研究  

Performance study on anti-overfill device of vehicle liquid hydrogen cylinder

作　　者：许家琛 邵建琴 金树峰[2] 李江龙 Xu Jiachen;Shao Jianqin;Jin Shufeng;Li Jianglong(Sichuan Air Separation Plant Group,Chengdu 610213,China;School of Petrochemical Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]四川空分设备(集团)有限责任公司,成都610213 [2]兰州理工大学石油化工学院,兰州730050

出　　处：《低温工程》2025年第2期67-77,共11页Cryogenics

基　　金：国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目:高压储氢容器棘轮-疲劳交互作用损伤机理及智能监测方法研究(2024MK129)。

摘　　要：为了使车载液氢气瓶在服役周期内安全运行,在其内部设置气包结构的防过充装置,并基于CFD多物理场耦合仿真探究了气包孔径、加注速率、气包容积和初始压力等因素对防过充装置的性能影响规律。结果表明:气包孔径是影响防过充装置性能的主要因素,气瓶最终充装率与气包孔径呈正相关:孔径从2 mm增大到6 mm时,气瓶最终充装率由89.4%升高至91.7%,但当孔径超过3 mm时,最终充装率突破安全阈值,极易引发过充风险;气相安全空间与气包孔径呈负相关,当孔径为2 mm时,气瓶的气相空间体积仅为气瓶容积的8.5%,不满足气相安全空间要求;增大初始压力虽能提升瓶体内腔与气包间的压力梯度,有效缩短气瓶加注时间,但随着初始压力增大,气瓶最终充装率减小,初始压力为0.8 MPa时,最终充装率为82.8%,相比初始压力0.1 MPa时下降了5%。In order to ensure the safe operation of the vehicle liquid hydrogen cylinder during the service period,an anti-overfilling device with the gas bag structure was set inside the cylinder.Based on the CFD multi-physical field coupling simulation,the influence law of the orifice diame-ter,filling rate,volume of gas bag and initial pressure on the performance of the anti-overfilling de-vice were studied.The results show that the orifice diameter of the cylinder is the main factor af-fecting the performance of the anti-overfilling device,and the final filling ratio is positively correla-ted with the orifice diameter,when the orifice diameter increases from 2 mm to 6 mm,the final fill-ing ratio of the cylinder increases from 89.4%to 91.7%,but when the aperture exceeds 3 mm,the final filling ratio breaks the safety threshold,which easily leads to the risk of overfilling.The gas phase safety space is negatively correlated with the orifice diameter.When the orifice diameter is 2 mm,the volume of gas phase space is only 8.5%of the volume of gas cylinder,which does not meet the requirements of gas phase safety space.Although increasing the initial pressure can improve the pressure gradient between the cylinder cavity and the gas bag and effectively shorten the filling time of the cylinder,with the increase of the initial pressure,the final filling ratio of the cylinder decreases.When the initial pressure is 0.8 MPa,the final filling ratio is 82.8%,which is 5%lower than that when the initial pressure is 0.1 MPa.

关 键 词：防过充装置 加注过程 静置过程 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TB658[一般工业技术—制冷工程]