深部厚硬岩层定向水力压裂弱化减灾机理及效果检验分析  

Mechanism and effectiveness analysis of directional hydraulic fracturing weakening and disaster reduction in deep thick and hard rock strata

作　　者：张帝 韩刚 刘虎 解嘉豪 郝晓琦 段玉清 蒋启鹏 ZHANG Di;HAN Gang;LIU Hu;XIE Jiahao;HAO Xiaoqi;DUAN Yuqing;JIANG Qipeng(China Coal Energy Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,China;China Coal(Ordos)Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Ordos 017000,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤能源研究院有限责任公司,陕西西安710054 [2]中煤(鄂尔多斯市)能源科技有限责任公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2025年第3期80-88,共9页Coal Engineering

摘　　要：为了给工作面的安全生产创造有利条件,采用了理论分析、现场实测、数据分析等方法对深部厚硬岩层定向水力压裂的弱化减灾机理展开研究。研究结果表明:基于理论分析,发现压裂层位厚硬岩体不同破裂形式,均能减小厚硬岩层的破断步距,有效破坏大能量事件的发生条件。通过现场钻孔窥视,观测到水力压裂后的目标岩层发育了多种不同形态的裂隙,目标岩层的完整性以及连续性遭到了破坏。对比分析未压裂区与压裂区微震频次及能量分布,发现压裂区大能量微震事件(>10000 J)数量为1次,相较于未压裂区的大能量微震事件个数(44次)减少了97.7%。压裂区能量峰值相较于压裂前降低了2个数量级。研究成果充分证明,定向水力压裂在厚硬岩层弱化减灾方面发挥着极其显著的作用。In order to create favorable conditions for the safety production of the working face,we adopted theoretical analysis,on-site measurement,data analysis and other methods to study the weakening and disaster reduction mechanism of directional hydraulic fracturing in deep thick and hard rock layers.The research results indicate that:Theoretical analysis revealed that different fracture forms of thick and hard rock formations in fractured layers can reduce the fracture interval of thick and hard rock formations,effectively disrupting conditions for high-energy events.On-site borehole imaging showed that the target rock layer developed various types of fractures after hydraulic fracturing,and the integrity and continuity of the target rock layer were damaged.Comparative analysis of microseismic events between fractured and non-fractured zones demonstrated a 97.7% reduction in high-energy events(>10000 J) in the fractured zone(1 event vs.44 events).Peak energy in the fractured zone decreased by two orders of magnitude.The results confirm the significant efficacy of directional hydraulic fracturing in mitigating hazards in thick hard rock layers.

关 键 词：厚硬岩层 水力压裂 冲击地压 减灾机理 效果检验 

分 类 号：TD324[矿业工程—矿井建设]