厚硬岩层下大采高孤岛面煤柱宽度优化及控制技术研究  

Coal pillar width optimization and control technology in isolated working face with large mining height under thick-hard strata

作　　者：张童 张宁波[2] 李廷 刘起源 陈宝宝 吴东园 ZHANG Tong;ZHANG Ningbo;LI Ting;LIU Qiyuan;CHEN Baobao;WU Dongyuan(Huangyanhui Coal Mine,China Coal Xiyang Energy Co.,Ltd.,Jinzhong 045300,China;School of Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mine,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤昔阳能源有限责任公司黄岩汇煤矿,山西晋中045300 [2]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [3]安徽理工大学深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2025年第3期103-114,共12页Coal Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB1314203);国家自然科学基金项目(52104113)。

摘　　要：大采高孤岛面煤柱留设的合理尺寸确定是影响煤炭回采率与安全回采的关键因素之一,以黄岩汇矿15115大采高孤岛面为研究对象,运用理论计算与数值模拟方法,构建了厚硬岩挠曲-煤体协同压缩与硬岩悬臂附加应力耦合作用的煤柱叠加承载模型,确定了合理柱宽。主要结论如下:煤柱帮荷载主要由厚硬岩层挠曲与煤体自重压缩变形效应决定,而采空区侧荷载来源于悬臂岩层附加应力。煤柱荷载与极限承载力在其宽度上变化呈反向趋势,得到了煤柱最小宽度9.4 m,确定了等效断裂角对降低煤柱荷载强度的作用敏感点为82°。模拟中随煤柱宽度增加,煤柱塑性破坏范围占比与煤体扩容程度降低,中部应力集中程度趋于稳定,整体承载性能增强,综合考虑宽度设置为10.0 m。现场表明,巷道两侧实施压裂后,岩层裂缝贯通弱化了厚硬岩层的完整性。煤柱保留了中部2.0 m弹性区,顶底板及两帮变形量均控制在520 mm内,有效实现了孤岛面安全护巷。The determination of reasonable coal pillar size in isolated working face with large mining height is one of the key factors affecting coal recovery rate and safe mining.Taking the No.15115 isolated working face with large mining height in Huangyanhui Mine as the research object,a coal pillar superposition-loaded mechanical model was constructed for the coupling effect of thick hard rock deflection-coal mass collaborative compression and hard rock cantilever additional stress,and the reasonable width was determined.The main conclusions are as follows:The loading at the roadsides is mainly determined by the effect of thick-hard rock stratum deflection and compression deformation of coal by its own weight,while the loading at the goaf side comes from the additional stress of the lateral cantilevering rock stratum.The load and ultimate bearing capacity of the coal pillar show a reverse trend in the width,and the minimum width is 9.4 m.The sensitive point of the equivalent fracture angle on reducing the load strength of the coal pillar is determined to be 82°.In the simulation,the proportion of plastic failure range and the degree of coal mass expansion in the increasing of the coal pillar width decreases.The stress concentration in the middle of coal pillar tends to stabilize,and the overall bearing performance is enhanced.Finally,the column width was determined to be 10 m.Engineering practice proved that,after fracturing on both sides of the roadway,the rock fracture penetration weakened the integrity of the thick and hard rock strata,2.0 m elastic zone was retained in the middle of the coal pillar,and the convergence of the roadsides and the roof-floor was controlled within 520 mm,achieving safety protection of the island face roadway.

关 键 词：大采高 孤岛工作面 硬岩层 煤柱宽度 岩-煤柱压缩 协同变形 压裂卸压 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]