基于健康信念模式下的Otago运动在脑卒中患者预防跌倒中的应用  

Application of Otago exercise based on health belief model in fall prevention of stroke patients

作　　者：林艳莹 张冰 温咏婵[1] LIN Yanying;ZHANG Bing;WEN Yongchan(Jiangmen Central Hospital,Jiangmen,Guangdong,529000,China)

机构地区：[1]江门市中心医院,广东江门529000

出　　处：《中西医结合护理(中英文)》2025年第2期217-220,共4页Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice

基　　金：江门市科技计划项目(2022YL01024)。

摘　　要：目的探讨基于健康信念模式下的Otago运动在脑卒中患者预防跌倒中的应用效果。方法采取回顾性研究设计方法,选取2021年5月至2023年5月期间江门市中心医院收治的96例缺血性脑卒中恢复期患者为研究对象,其中49例患者采取常规康复治疗(常规组)、47例患者在常规康复治疗的基础上接受基于健康信念模式下的Otago运动(观察组),连续12周。比较2组患者的康复信心、跌倒情况(跌倒次数和发生率)、跌倒自我效能、平衡能力、移动能力以及康复自我效能。结果干预12周后,观察组的脑卒中康复信心测量问卷(CaSM)各维度评分、修正版跌倒效能量表(MFES)评分、Brunel平衡量表(BBA)评分和脑卒中康复自我效能量表(SSEQ)各维度评分均高于常规组,以及起立-行走测验(TUGT)用时短于常规组(P均<0.05);2组在干预12周后的各项指标均较干预前更优(P均<0.05)。干预期间,观察组有3例患者发生跌倒,均为1次跌倒;常规组有10例患者发生跌倒,其中1次跌倒6例、2次跌倒4例。观察组的跌倒发生率为6.38%(3/47),低于常规组的20.41%(10/49),组间比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论基于健康信念模式下Otago运动能够增强脑卒中患者的康复信心和自我效能,提高患者的平衡能力和移动能力,且有助于预防患者发生跌倒,降低其跌倒发生率。Objective To explore the application effect of Otago exercise based on health belief model in the prevention of falls in stroke patients.Methods A retrospective study design was adopted,and 96 patients in the recovery phase of ischemic stroke admitted to Jiangmen Central Hospital from May 2021 to May 2023 were selected as the research subjects.Forty-nine patients received routine rehabilitation treatment(the routine group),and 47 patients received the Otago exercise based on health belief model in addition to the routine rehabilitation treatment(the observation group).The intervention lasted 12 weeks.The rehabilitation confidence,fall frequency and incidence,fall selfefficacy,balance ability,mobility,and rehabilitation self-efficacy of the two groups were compared.Results After 12 weeks of intervention,the observation group had higher scores on the Confidence after Stroke Measure(CaSM),the Modified Falls Efficacy Scale(MFES),the Brunel Balance Assessment(BBA)and the Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire(SSEQ),and shorter time on the Timed Up and Go Test(TUGT)than the routine group(P<0.05).Both groups showed better performance in all indicators after 12 weeks of intervention compared with the levels before the intervention(P<0.05).During the intervention,3 patients in the observation group fell,all of whom fell once.Ten patients in the routine group fell,including 6 patients falling once and 4 patients falling twice.The incidence of falls in the observation group was 6.38%(3/47),which was significantly lower than 20.41%(10/49)in the routine group(P<0.05).Conclusion The Otago exercise based on health belief model can enhance the rehabilitation confidence and self-efficacy of stroke patients,improve their balance and mobility, help prevent falls, and reduce the incidence of falls.

关 键 词：脑卒中 健康信念模式 Otago运动 跌倒自我效能 康复信心 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]