强化与纾解:社交媒体平台使用中的育儿焦虑研究  

Reinforcement and Alleviation:A Study on Parenting Anxiety in Social Media Use

作　　者：张佳 Zhang Jia(Wuhan University)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学新闻与传播学院 [2]武汉体育学院新闻传播学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《新闻与传播评论》2025年第3期103-113,共11页Journalism & Communication Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目(21&ZD317)。

摘　　要：作为中国社会重要的媒介基础设施,微信已深度嵌入日常育儿实践,影响着育儿中的社会交往与主体感受。研究聚焦育儿实践中的社交媒体平台使用,通过参与式观察与深度访谈,探讨以微信为代表的社交媒体如何强化育儿焦虑,身处其中的家长又如何纾解。研究提出了“商业资本-媒介技术-家长社群”三维分析框架。在育儿焦虑的强化上,商业资本通过再现焦虑场景、渲染育儿风险助推育儿焦虑;媒介技术重塑了育儿实践的物理时空,通过“永久在线”与“跨地域比较”放大育儿焦虑;家长社群构建了育儿情绪的情感场,个人情绪被刺激物与主流焦虑情绪叠加传染。面对育儿焦虑,父母通过购买换取心安,反向驯化技术规避引发焦虑的信息,向下调整参照群体以减少落差感,这些体现了媒介技术浪潮下个体纾解育儿焦虑的能动性。As an important media infrastructure in Chinese society,WeChat has become deeply embedded in daily parenting practices,influencing social interactions and individual experiences in parenting.This study focuses on the use of social media platforms in parenting practices,employing participatory observation and in-depth interviews to explore how social media,represented by WeChat,reinforces parenting anxiety and how parents navigate such anxieties.The study proposes a three-dimensional analytical framework of “commercial capital-media technology-parent community.” In terms of amplifying parenting anxiety,commercial capital reproduces anxiety-inducing scenarios and exaggerates parenting risks,thereby fueling parental anxiety;media technology reshapes the physical and temporal dimensions of parenting practices and amplifying anxiety through “permanent online presence” and “cross-regional comparison”.Parent communities construct an emotional field where individual feelings are infected by the superposition of stimuli and mainstream anxieties.Faced with parenting anxiety,parents adopt strategies such as purchasing behaviors for psychological reassurance,practicing reverse domestication of technology to avoid anxiety-provoking information,and implementing downward adjustment of reference groups to reduce discrepancy perception,all of which reflect the initiative of individuals to relieve parenting anxiety under the wave of media technology.

关 键 词：育儿焦虑 社交媒体 商业资本 媒介技术 家长社群 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]