为什么要完善政府债务管理制度  

Why Improve the Government Debt Management System

作　　者：毛捷[1] 任占尚 Mao Jie;Ren Zhanshang

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学国际经济贸易学院

出　　处：《财政科学》2025年第2期38-53,共16页Fiscal Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中国地方政府债务治理的理论框架和政策路径研究”(项目编号:23VRC045)。

摘　　要：完善政府债务管理制度是实现在发展中化债的保障,也是新时代全面深化改革取得重大制度成果的体现。首先,本文阐明在新发展阶段下,我国政府债务功能主动求变,以更好支持与促进高质量发展。其次,分析政府债务通过支持基础设施建设、改善民生、促进创新和绿色发展等多路径助力高质量发展的机制,并阐释高质量发展与政府债务可持续之间的关系。再次,从规模、结构与实效三个层面分析我国政府债务管理实践中存在的问题,并指出其根源在于融资平台债务持续增长、地方政府专项债务用途泛化等。最后,提出了完善政府债务管理制度的政策建议,包括科学管控债务规模、合理优化债务结构,以及持续提升政府债务实效。Improving the government debt management system serves as a safeguard for resolving debt through development,and represents a significant institutional achievement in comprehensively deepening reforms during the new era.Firstly,this paper clarifies the proactive transformation of Chinese government debt functions in the new development stage to better support and promote high-quality development.Secondly,it analyzes the mechanisms through which government debt facilitates high-quality development by supporting infrastructure construction,improving people's livelihoods,promoting innovation,and advancing green development,while exploring the relationship between high-quality development and debt sustainability.Thirdly,it examines existing issues in China's government debt management practices across three dimensions:scale,structure,and effectiveness,identifying root causes including continuous growth of Local Government Financing Vehicle(LGFV)debts and the overgeneralization of Local Government Special Bonds utilization.Finally,policy recommendations are proposed to enhance the government debt management system,encompassing scientific control of debt scale,rational optimization of debt structure,and continuous improvement of debt utilization effectiveness.

关 键 词：政府债务 债务管理 高质量发展 债务可持续 地方债务 

分 类 号：F812.5[经济管理—财政学]