致奶牛乳房炎大肠埃希菌的分离鉴定及耐药分析  

Isolation,identification and drug resistance analysis of Escherichia coli that causes mastitis in dairy cows

作　　者：丁颖 张伟 魏铭清 刘非凡 张倩 周霞[1] 王震[1] 张辉[1] Ding Ying;Zhang Wei;Wei Mingqing;Liu Feifan;Zhang Qian;Zhou Xia;Wang Zhen;Zhang Hui(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Xinjiang Shihezi 832000;Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Changji Prefecture,Xinjiang Changji 831000;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences,Xinjiang Shihezi 832000;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis(Yangzhou University),Jiangsu Yangzhou 225009)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]昌吉州动物疾病预防疾控中心,新疆昌吉831000 [3]新疆农垦科学院畜牧兽医研究所,新疆石河子832000 [4]江苏省人兽共患病学重点实验室(扬州大学),江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《现代畜牧兽医》2025年第3期16-20,共5页Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：江苏省人兽共患病学重点实验室资助项目(R2308);新疆生产建设兵团科技计划项目(2024AB035)。

摘　　要：试验旨在了解石河子地区引起奶牛乳房炎的大肠埃希菌耐药性与致病性情况。试验对石河子周边地区患乳房炎奶牛的乳样进行细菌分离纯化,对分离株进行细菌生化鉴定、革兰氏染色镜检、16S rDNA鉴定以及致病性试验、药敏试验。结果显示:试验分离出一株疑似大肠埃希菌,其形态呈卵圆形或杆状菌,革兰氏染色呈红色,经生化鉴定后的鉴定值为A070,对其进行16S rDNA测序比对鉴定为大肠埃希菌。药敏试验结果显示,分离株对β-内酰胺类、氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类等药物均具有一定的耐药性。致病性试验结果显示,分离株可致使小鼠死亡,死亡小鼠肝脏肿大,肝脏、脾脏、心脏均有淤血点。研究表明,试验成功从生鲜乳样本中分离到一株致病性大肠埃希菌,该菌株对部分抗生素具有一定耐药性,研究结果可为养殖场治疗奶牛乳房炎临床用药提供参考。The experiment aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity of Escherichia coli causing bovine mastitis in the Shihezi region.The experiment involved bacterial isolation and purification from milk samples of dairy cows with mastitis in the surrounding areas of Shihezi.The isolated strains underwent biochemical identification,Gram staining and microscopic examination,16S rDNA identification,as well as pathogenicity tests and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.The results showed that a suspected Escherichia coli strain was isolated,exhibiting an oval or rod-shaped morphology with Gram-negative staining(red coloration).Biochemical identification yielded a characteristic profile code of A070,and 16S rDNA sequencing confirmed it as Escherichia coli.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed resistance toβ-lactams,aminoglycosides,and quinolones.Pathogenicity tests demonstrated that the isolate caused mortality in mice,with deceased subjects exhibiting hepatomegaly and congestion spots in the liver,spleen,and heart.This study successfully isolated a pathogenic Escherichia coli strain from raw milk sample showing partial antibiotic resistance.The findings provide a reference for clinical treatment strategies against bovine mastitis in dairy farms.

关 键 词：大肠埃希菌 分离鉴定 药敏试验 致病性试验 

分 类 号：S852.23[农业科学—基础兽医学]