百万吨级煤矸石覆岩隔离注浆充填绿色开采技术及应用  

Green Mining Technology and Application of Disposing Millions of Tons of Coal Gangue by Utilizing Overburden Isolated Grout Filling

作　　者：许家林[1,2] 轩大洋[1] 李建 XU Jialin;XUAN Dayang;LI Jian(School of Mining Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学煤炭精细勘探与智能开发全国重点实验室,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2025年第2期12-16,33,共6页Environmental Impact Assessment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“煤矿矸石及CO_(2)采动覆岩隔离注浆充填减排机理研究”(52374143)。

摘　　要：针对西部特大型矿井煤矸石无害化处置重大技术难题,研发了百万吨级煤矸石覆岩隔离注浆充填绿色开采技术。本文详细介绍了覆岩隔离注浆充填技术原理,即找出对地表沉陷起控制作用的关键层,在关键层破断前,通过地面钻孔对选定关键层下方实施高压注浆,产生“托上压下”作用,压实关键层下方碎胀岩体,在采空区形成压实承载结构;介绍了原状煤矸石粉化制浆工艺流程及浆液特性,制浆工艺流程为经过二级破碎及湿式球磨机处理,产出固相粒径不大于0.2 mm煤矸石浆液;在浆液特性方面,沉析速率、塑性黏度、当量压实系数均可满足技术要求;同时,提出覆岩隔离注浆处理煤矸石量最大可达采出煤量的50%左右。将此技术应用在石拉乌素煤矿,实际运行效果表明,该技术不影响开采布局、不干扰生产,能有效、持续、稳定地解决矸石处理问题,是百万吨级以上煤矸石无害化处理的有效方法。To address the significant technical challenges associated with the harmless disposal of coal gangue in western mega mines,a green mining technology that involves overburden isolated grout filling using one million tons of coal gangue was developed.This paper elucidates the principle behind the overburden isolated grout filling technology.Specifically,it involves identifying the key strata that control surface subsidence,before the key strata fails,high-pressure grouting are implemented beneath it achieved by boreholes from the ground surface,creating a"support up and compacting down"effect,compacting the fractured and bulking rock masses beneath the key strata,and forming a supportive structure within the mined-out area.The process of pulverizing raw coal gangue to produce slurry is outlined,along with the characteristics of the gangue slurry,the coal gangue is processed through two-stage crushing and wet ball milling,resulting in gangue slurry that solid-phase particle size of no more than 0.2 mm.In terms of gangue slurry characteristics,the precipitation rate,plastic viscosity,and equivalent compaction coefficient meet the technical requirements.Furthermore,it is proposed that the maximum amount of coal gangue treated using this overburden isolated grout filling method can constitute approximately 50% of the extracted coal.This technology has been applied in the Shilawusu coal mine.The actual operational results demonstrate that this technology does not alter the mining layout or interfere with production.It effectively,continuously and stably addresses the gangue treatment issue,providing an effective method for the harmless treatment of coal gangue at a scale exceeding one million tons.

关 键 词：煤矸石 百万吨级 无害化处理 覆岩隔离注浆充填 绿色开采 

分 类 号：X752[环境科学与工程—环境工程]