乌东德水电站库区滑坡发育分布及蓄水响应规律  

Distribution and impoundment response law of landslides in the reservoir area of Wudongde Hydropower Station

作　　者：李超瑞 汤明高[1,2] 周剑 张乔峰 李扬 LI Chaorui;TANG Mingao;ZHOU Jian;ZHANG Qiaofeng;LI Yang(State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,Sichuan,China;College of Environment&Civil Engineering,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610059 [2]成都理工大学环境与土木工程学院,四川成都610059

出　　处：《水利水电技术(中英文)》2025年第4期35-51,共17页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41977255)。

摘　　要：【目的】乌东德水电站蓄水运行导致大量滑坡变形,为了查明滑坡发育特征及蓄水变形响应规律【方法】采取SBAS-InSAR、光学遥感解译、现场调查、数理统计与理论分析等方法,调查研究了乌东德水电站蓄水诱发滑坡的数量、发育特征、变形规律及趋势。【结果】结果显示:乌东德水库沿岸发育滑坡62处、其中涉水滑坡39处。滑坡集中分布在侏罗系、白垩系红层及元古界浅变质岩区域。滑坡的坡度为10°~40°,前后缘高差200~800 m,坡向为西或东,斜坡类型多为凸型顺向岸坡,滑面形态以直线或折线型为主。初次蓄水以来39处涉水滑坡共发生114次明显变形,最大变形速率为63.72 mm/a;现阶段滑坡变形次数和变形速率呈逐年增长趋势,处于活跃阶段;滑坡变形趋势分为加速变形、匀速变形和减速趋稳变形,其中加速变形滑坡占比61.54%,以顺向直线型、涉水程度较高的滑坡为主,其蓄水响应显著、变形量大;库水位下降对滑坡的影响程度大于库水位上升。【结论】揭示了乌东德水库滑坡变形规律,为水库滑坡灾害预测与防治提供了科学依据。[Objective]The impoundment operation of the Wudongde Hydropower Station has caused significant landslide deformation.In order to find out the development characteristics of landslide and the water storage response law of wading landslide deformation,[Methods]SBAS-InSAR,optical remote sensing interpretation,field surveys,mathematical statistics and theoretical analysis were used to study the number,development characteristics,deformation patterns and trend of landslides induced by the impoundment of the Wudongde Hydropower Station.[Results]The result show that there are 62 landslides along the coast of Wudongde Reservoir,including 39 water-related landslides.These landslides are concentrated in Jurassic,Cretaceous red beds and Proterozoic shallow metamorphic rock areas.The slope of the landslide is 10°~40°,the height difference between the front and rear edges is 200~800 m,the slope types are mostly convex forward-facing slopes,with linear or fold line sliding surfaces being predominant.A total of 114 obvious deformations have occurred in 39 water-related landslides since the initial impoundment,and the maximum deformation rate is 63.72 mm/a.Currently,the number of landslide deformation and deformation rate are increasing year by year,which is in the active stage.The deformation trend of landslide is categorized into accelerated deformation,uniform deformation,and deceleration stabilization deformation.Among them,the accelerated deformation landslide accounts for 61.54%,which is dominated by the landslide with a straight line and a high degree of wading.Its water storage response is significant and the deformation is large.The influence of reservoir water level decline on landslide is greater than that of reservoir water level rise.[Conclusion]The deformation law of Wudongde reservoir landslide is revealed,which provides a scientific basis for the prediction and prevention of reservoir landslide disaster.

关 键 词：乌东德水电站 滑坡 发育分布 变形规律 发展趋势 地质灾害 影响因素 水库蓄水 

分 类 号：P642[天文地球—工程地质学]