桂北岩溶石漠化区山坡橘园不同水土保持措施效益研究  

Study on the benefits of different soil and water conservation measures in hillside citrus orchards in karst rocky desertification area of northern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

作　　者：张宇 金鑫[1,2] 宋颖 郭攀 梁桂优 翟婷 ZHANG Yu;JIN Xin;SONG Ying;GUO Pan;LIANG Guiyou;ZHAI Ting(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,Guangxi,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,Guangxi,China;Guilin City Farmland Irrigation Test Center Station,Guilin 541105,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,广西桂林541006 [2]桂林理工大学广西岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,广西桂林541006 [3]桂林市农田灌溉试验中心站,广西桂林541105

出　　处：《水利水电技术(中英文)》2025年第4期248-259,共12页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51369009);广西自然科学基金项目(2021GXNSFAA196055);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB21075007)。

摘　　要：【目的】为探索适合于岩溶石漠化区山坡橘园的最佳水土保持措施,【方法】采用修建径流观测小区的方法,对桂北岩溶区山坡橘园进行定位观测,分析植物措施、砖石围挡、PVC板围挡等3种水土保持措施在不同降雨等级(大雨、暴雨、大暴雨)下的径流、泥沙、养分流失情况,同时采用熵权-模糊综合评价法对综合效益进行定量分析。【结果】结果表明:(1)在区分与不区分降雨等级两种情况下,3种措施均表现为植物措施的减氮、减磷效益最佳,PVC板围挡的减沙效益最佳,总体上砖石围挡各指标的削减效益低于其他两种措施;大雨、暴雨等级下植物措施减流效益最好,大暴雨等级下PVC板围挡减流效益高于植物措施。(2)各水土保持措施的水、土、养分流失量以及削减效益指标并不都是随降雨等级的提升而呈单调性变化,其中产流量和养分流失量随降雨等级提升而单调递增,其他指标变化大多不呈单调性;同一措施的减流、减沙、减氮、减磷等指标随降雨等级的不同变化趋势有所差异。(3)在不区分降雨等级的情况下,在岩溶区石漠化山地橘园实施PVC板围挡措施的综合效益最佳,植物措施次之;在区分降雨等级的情况下,大雨、暴雨等级下实施植物措施综合效益最佳,大暴雨等级下实施PVC板围挡措施综合效益最佳。【结论】岩溶区石漠化山地橘园实施植物措施、PVC板围挡、砖石围挡均有一定的水土保持效益。[Objective]In order to explore the optimal soil and water conservation measures for hillside citrus orchards in karst rocky desertification area,[Methods]a runoff observation plot method was developed to monitor the hillside citrus orchards in the karst area of northern Guangxi.The runoff,sediment,and nutrient loss under three soil and water conservation measures—vegetation planting,brick-and-stone enclosure,and PVC board enclosure—were analyzed at different rainfall levels(heavy rain,rainstorm,and heavy rainstorm).Additionally,the entropy-weight fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to perform a quantitative analysis of the comprehensive benefits.[Results]The result showed that:(1)whether rainfall levels were considered or not,vegetation planting demonstrated the best nitrogen and phosphorus reduction benefits,and PVC board enclosure had the best sediment reduction benefits.In general,the reduction benefits of the brick-and-stone enclosure were lower than those of the other two measures.Vegetation planting provided the best runoff reduction benefits under heavy rain and rainstorm,while PVC board enclosure had higher runoff reduction benefits than vegetation planting under heavy rainstorm.(2)The water,soil,and nutrient loss,as well as the reduction benefit indicators of soil and water conservation measures,did not all change monotonically with the increase in rainfall level.Specifically,runoff yield and nutrient loss increased monotonically with the increase in rainfall level,while most other indicators did not show a monotonic change.The change trends in indicators such as runoff reduction,sediment reduction,nitrogen reduction,and phosphorus reduction of the same measure varied with different rainfall levels.(3)When rainfall levels were not considered,the comprehensive benefits of implementing PVC board enclosure in hillside citrus orchards in karst rocky desertification area were the best,followed by vegetation planting.When rainfall levels were considered,the comprehensive benefits of implementing

关 键 词：降雨 径流 岩溶山坡 水土保持 侵蚀 模糊综合评价 橘园 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]