基于电力系统机电振荡的发电侧惯量评估  

Evaluation of generator side inertia based on electromechanical oscillation of power system

作　　者：任智强 田铭兴[1,2] 姜宇 邢东峰 REN Zhiqiang;TIAN Mingxing;JIANG Yu;XING Dongfeng(School of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Rail Transit Electrical Automation Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学自动化与电气工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学甘肃省轨道交通电气自动化工程实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《浙江大学学报(工学版)》2025年第4期870-878,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52167013);甘肃省自然科学基金重点项目(24JRRA225);甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目(23JRRA891).

摘　　要：新能源发电设备接入发电侧会导致发电侧呈现“弱惯量”特征,影响系统的安全稳定运行.利用同步相量测量单元(PMU)测量机电振荡响应,提出基于小扰动下机电振荡参数的发电侧惯量评估方法.根据惯量响应过程的特点,推导与各发电机惯量有关的不平衡功率分配公式.根据多机系统小信号状态方程与特征根的关系,推导多机系统发电侧惯量计算公式.介绍单机系统发电侧惯量的计算方法,阐述惯量计算公式中的惯量比与固有振荡频率的测量方法.通过单机系统、双机互联系统、WSCC3机9节点系统、10机39节点系统仿真算例验证所提方法的正确性.结果表明,所提方法在多个系统中的发电侧惯量评估值与实际值接近,具有良好的适应性,可用于电力系统的发电侧惯量评估.The connection of new energy power generation equipment to the power generation side leads to the emergence of“weak inertia”characteristics on the power generation side,which affects the safe and stable operation of the system.The synchronous phase measurement unit(PMU)was used to measure the electromechanical oscillation response,and based on the electromechanical oscillation parameter under small perturbation,an inertia assessment method for the power generation side was proposed.Based on the characteristics of the inertia response process,the unbalanced power allocation equation related to the inertia of each generator was derived.Based on the relationship between the small-signal state equation and the characteristic root of the multi-machine system,the formula for calculating the inertia of the generation side of a multi-machine system was derived.The inertia calculation of the generation side of a single-machine system was introduced,and the measurement methods of inertia ratio and the intrinsic oscillation frequency in the inertia calculation formula were described.The correctness of the proposed method was verified by simulation examples of a single-machine system,a dual-machine interconnection system,a WSCC 3-machine 9-node system,and a 10-machine 39-node system.Results show that the generation side inertia evaluation values obtained with the proposed method in several systems are close to the actual values and have good adaptability.The method can be used for power system generation side inertia evaluation.

关 键 词：电力系统 发电侧惯量评估 惯量响应 机电振荡 小信号状态方程 

分 类 号：TM71[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]