基于类等势场法的TB6钛合金药型罩温挤压成形工艺优化  

Optimization on warm extrusion process for TB6 titanium alloy charge liner based on class equipotential-field method

作　　者：郭正飞 朱立华 朱光明[1] 聂兰启 管延锦[3] 高世阳 王立伟 郑宏宇 Guo Zhengfei;Zhu Lihua;Zhu Guangming;Nie Lanqi;Guan Yanjin;Gao Shiyang;Wang Liwei;Zheng Hongyu(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China;Shandong Hongqi Mechanical&Electrical Group Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 261108,China;Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution&Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education),Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;Shandong Haoxin Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Changyi 261307,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学机械工程学院,山东淄博255000 [2]山东红旗机电集团有限公司,山东潍坊261108 [3]山东大学材料液固结构演变与加工教育部重点实验室,山东济南250061 [4]山东浩信机械有限公司,山东昌邑261307

出　　处：《锻压技术》2025年第4期86-96,共11页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFE0199100);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2020QE169);山东省精密制造与特种加工重点实验室开放课题。

摘　　要：为实现TB6钛合金药型罩的高质量成形,提出一种两步温挤压成形工艺,并对此工艺进行了数值模拟优化。首先,基于TB6钛合金高温高速率本构方程和再结晶计算公式,利用DEFORM-3D建立药型罩温挤压成形有限元模型,以最大等效应力、最大成形力和晶粒细化率为优化目标构建加权总目标函数,基于类等势场法利用COMSOL建立药型罩静电场模型,选取最优预挤压形状。然后,选择温挤压中的摩擦因数、挤压温度和应变速率等参数,设计3因素3水平正交实验,并建立加权总目标与工艺参数的关系式进行分析。结果表明,当摩擦因数为0.30、挤压温度为720℃、应变速率为0.01 s^(-1)时,最大成形力为241 kN、最大等效应力为200 MPa和晶粒细化率为65%,此时加权总目标取值最低,为最优成形方案。In order to achieve high-quality forming of the TB6 titanium alloy charge liner,a two-step warm extrusion process was proposed,and a numerical simulation optimization study of the process was conducted.Firstly,based on the high-temperature,high-strain rate constitutive equation and the recrystallization formula of TB6 titanium alloy,a finite element model of warm extrusion process for the charge liner was established using DEFORM-3D.The weighted total objective function with maximum equivalent stress,maximum forming force and grain refinement rate as the optimization goals was constructed.Additionally,using COMSOL,an electrostatic field model for the charge liner was established based on class equipotential-field method to select the optimal pre-extrusion shape.Then,parameters such as the friction factor,extrusion temperature and strain rate in the warm extrusion process were selected,and a three-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment was designed.The relationship between the weighted total objective and the process parameters was established for analysis.The results show that when the friction factor is 0.30,the extrusion temperature is 720℃,and the strain rate is 0.01 s^(-1),the maximum forming force is 241 kN,the maximum equivalent stress is 200 MPa and the grain refinement rate is 65%.The weighted total objective reaches its lowest value at this point,which is the optimal forming scheme.

关 键 词：药型罩 TB6钛合金 温挤压 类等势场法 工艺设计 

分 类 号：TG316[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]