宽底面U形框拉弯成形工艺  

Stretch bending process of wide bottom U-shaped frame

作　　者：李倩 胡德友 陶现宾 齐文耀 王明欢 侯银松 Li Qian;Hu Deyou;Tao Xianbin;Qi Wenyao;Wang Minghuan;Hou Yinsong(Tianjin Aerospace Long March Rocket Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300462,China;Capital Aerospace Machine Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]天津航天长征火箭制造有限公司,天津300462 [2]首都航天机械有限公司,北京100076

出　　处：《锻压技术》2025年第4期195-200,共6页Forging & Stamping Technology

摘　　要：针对某运载火箭宽底面U形框拉弯后内弧边褶皱和成形精度低的问题,模拟分析了不同拉弯工艺参数下补拉弯过程中拉伸量对零件内侧应变的影响规律,并试验研究了工艺参数对零件拉弯成形后型面精度的影响规律。模拟结果表明:包覆角度由0°增至90°时,内侧应变呈现先缓慢减小再快速增大后减小的规律,在包覆角度为60°~70°时内侧应变最大;随着拉伸量的增加型材的内侧应变逐渐增加,增加拉伸量有助于零件拉伸变形,减少褶皱。试验结果表明:零件在不拉断的情况下,拉弯力和拉伸量越大,零件的型面精度越高,增大拉伸量可有效消除褶皱,试验与模拟结果一致。在预拉弯力和补拉弯力为80 kN、预包覆角度为60°、补包覆角度为90°、补拉伸量为55 mm时,零件型面精度最高,立边间隙、底边间隙和弧度间隙最小,符合技术指标要求。For the problem of wrinkles on the inner arc edge and low forming accuracy for a wide bottom U-shaped frame of a launch rocket after stretch bending,the influence law of stretch amount on the strain on the inner parts under different stretch bending process parameters during the supplementary stretch bending was simulated and analyzed,and the influence law of the process parameters on the surface accuracy of parts after stretch bending was experimentally studied.The simulation results show that when the wrapping angle ranges from 0°to 90°,the strain on the inner parts first decreases slowly,then increases rapidly,and then decreases,and when the wrapping angle is 60°-70°,the strain on the inner parts is the largest.As the stretch amount increases,the strain on the inner parts gradually increases,which helps the parts to stretch deformation and reduces wrinkles.The experiment results show that when the part is not break,the greater the bending force and the stretch amount,the higher the surface accuracy of parts.The wrinkles are effectively eliminated by increasing the stretch amount,and the experiment results are consistent with the simulation results.When the pre-bending force and the supplementary bending force are 80 kN,the pre-wrapping angle is 60°,the supplementary wrapping angle is 90°,and the supplementary stretch amount is 55 mm,the surface accuracy of parts is the highest,and the vertical edge clearance,bottom edge clearance and arc clearance are the smallest,which meets the technical index requirements.

关 键 词：宽底面U形框 拉弯成形 拉伸量 褶皱 包覆角度 

分 类 号：TG386[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]