零泊松比超材料面内动态压缩行为与吸能特性研究  

Research on in-plane dynamic compression behavior and energy absorption characteristics for zero Poisson′s ratio metamaterial

作　　者：李雪平[1] 朱佳俊 魏鹏[1] Li Xueping;Zhu Jiajun;Wei Peng(State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science,School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学土木与交通学院亚热带建筑与城市科学国家重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《锻压技术》2025年第4期236-247,共12页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2024YFB3814704);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2023A1515012830)。

摘　　要：基于边界密度演化方法和能量均匀化法设计了一种新型零泊松比超材料,采用有限元软件ABAQUS对不同体积分数的超材料进行静态仿真压缩实验,验证了材料的零泊松比特性。利用显示动力学有限元方法,研究了冲击荷载下均匀零泊松比超材料和梯度零泊松比超材料的动力学响应及能量吸收特性。研究结果表明:在低速和中速冲击荷载下,梯度零泊松比超材料具有更加均匀的变形特性和更高的初始应力值。随着冲击速度增大,两种零泊松比超材料的能量吸收效果也越好,在中速和高速冲击时,材料的工程应力-工程应变曲线的震荡幅度显著增大。在实验冲击速度下,梯度零泊松比超材料在后半段的比吸能均要高于均匀零泊松比超材料,表明梯度零泊松比超材料在受到冲击时,能更有效地吸收和耗散能量。Based on the boundary density evolution method and energy homogenization method,a new zero Poisson′s ratio metamaterial was designed,and the static simulation compression experiments on metamaterials with different volume fractions were conducted by finite element software ABAQUS to verify the zero Poisson′s ratio characteristics of the material.Then,the dynamic response and energy absorption characteristics of uniform zero Poisson′s ratio metamaterials and gradient zero Poisson′s ratio metamaterials under impact loads were investigated by using the display dynamics finite element method.The research results show that under low-speed and medium-speed impact loads,the gradient zero Poisson′s ratio metamaterial has more uniform deformation characteristics and higher initial stress values.As the impact speed increases,the energy absorption effect of the two zero Poisson′s ratio metamaterials becomes better.Under medium-speed and high-speed impacts,the oscillation amplitude of engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the material increases significantly.Under the experimental impact speed,the specific energy absorption of the gradient zero Poisson′s ratio metamaterials in the second half is higher than that of the uniform zero Poisson′s ratio metamaterials,indicating that the gradient zero Poisson′s ratio metamaterials can absorb and dissipate the energy more efficiently when subjected to impact.

关 键 词：零泊松比 拓扑优化 超材料 面内冲击性能 能量吸收 动态响应 

分 类 号：O347[理学—固体力学]