熔模精密铸造压蜡工艺参数对蜡模质量影响的研究  

Impact of Wax Injection Process Parameters on the Quality of Wax Patterns in Investment Casting

作　　者：王云悝 李飞 史小宝 许广涛 贺卫峰 李强 WANG Yunli;LI Fei;SHI Xiaobao;XU Guangtao;HE Weifeng;LI Qiang(Yunnan Phosphorus Chemical Group Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650600,China;Henan Pingyuan Optics Electronics Co.,Ltd.,Jiaozuo 454003,China;AVIC Shaanxi Hongyuan Aviation Forging Co.,Ltd.,Xianyang 713801,China;College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering,Qujing Normal University,Qujing 655011,China)

机构地区：[1]云南磷化集团有限公司,云南昆明650600 [2]河南平原光电有限公司,河南焦作454003 [3]陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司,陕西咸阳713801 [4]曲靖师范学院化学与材料工程学院,云南曲靖655011

出　　处：《铸造技术》2025年第4期397-402,共6页Foundry Technology

基　　金：曲靖师范学院博士创新团队支持计划。

摘　　要：系统研究了压蜡工艺参数对熔模铸造蜡模质量的耦合影响机制,通过生产案例分析了蜡液温度(52~65℃)、包蜡压力(1.5~2.5 MPa)、流量(80~200 cm3/s)、循环时间等参数对蜡模成形性、尺寸精度及表面缺陷的作用规律。结果表明,蜡液温度高于60℃时,蜡模收缩率增大导致缩陷,低于55℃则充型能力不足引发黏模;包蜡压力需动态调整以平衡模具形变与蜡模致密度;流量与注蜡孔径的协同优化可减少冷隔与卷气缺陷。通过缺陷-参数调整模型,提出“压力流量优先、温度微调”的优化策略。The coupling effects of wax injection process parameters on the quality of wax patterns in investment casting were systematically investigated.Production experiments were conducted to analyse the influence of key parameters,including wax temperature(52~65℃),wrapping pressure(1.5~2.5 MPa),flow rate(80~200 cm3/s)and cycle time,on the formability,dimensional accuracy,and surface defects of wax patterns.The results show that when the wax temperature exceeds 60℃,the shrinkage rate increases,leading to depression,whereas temperatures below 55℃result in insufficient filling capacity and mold sticking.The wrapping pressure requires dynamic adjustment to balance mold deformation and wax pattern density.The synergistic optimization of the flow rate and injection hole diameter reduces cold shuts and gas entrapment.By establishing a defect-parameter adjustment model,an optimization strategy of“prioritizing pressure and flow rate,followed by temperature fine-tuning”is proposed.

关 键 词：熔模铸造 压蜡工艺 蜡模质量 参数优化 缺陷控制 

分 类 号：TG249.5[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]