2019—2022年华中地区规模化猪场呼吸道病原菌感染的流行病学调查  

Epidemiological survey of bacterial pathogens of respiratory diseases in large-scale pig farms in central China from 2019 to 2022

作　　者：曹维维[1,2,3,4] 韦馨琛 何啟云 韦祖丹 陈云鹏 贝为成 CAO Weiwei;WEI Xinchen;HE Qiyun;WEI Zudan;CHEN Yunpeng;BEI Weicheng(College of Veterinary Medicine,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology,Wuhan 430070,China;The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Hongshan Laboratory,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学动物医学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]农业微生物资源发掘与利用全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [3]生猪健康养殖协同创新中心,湖北武汉430070 [4]湖北洪山实验室,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2025年第5期75-83,共9页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1800905)。

摘　　要：旨在调查华中地区(湖北、河南、湖南)规模化猪场猪呼吸道疾病综合征细菌性病原的流行感染情况。2019—2022年,采集湖北、河南、湖南等省份的45个规模化猪场中具有呼吸道症状猪的口鼻拭子及肺脏、气管、淋巴结组织等临床病料1 895份,对其进行呼吸道病原菌的检测、分离培养、染色镜检、血清型分型鉴定和药敏试验。结果:呼吸道病原菌阳性样品总检出率为39.68%(752/1 895),其中猪链球菌(Streptococcus suis,SS)为20.11%(391/1 895),多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pasteurella multocida,Pm)为7.39%(140/1 895),副猪格拉瑟菌(Glaesserella parasuis,GPS)为6.65%(126/1 895),胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,APP)为14.35%(272/1 895);在保育阶段,SS和GPS的阳性样品检出率较高,在生长育肥阶段,APP和SS的检出率较高;混合感染结果显示,单一感染占比达75.66%(569/752),以SS感染为主,双重感染占比达23.80%(179/752),以SS+GPS和SS+APP为主,三重感染类型占比为0.53%(4/752),只有SS+GPS+APP一种类型;从病料中分离鉴定到218株呼吸道病原菌,其中包括157株SS、15株Pm、20株GPS和26株APP;血清分型鉴定结果显示,SS流行血清型为2型,Pm流行血清型为A和D型,GPS流行血清型为5和4型,APP流行血清型为1型;药敏结果显示,大多数呼吸道分离菌株对于头孢噻呋和氟苯尼考表现敏感,而对于链霉素和庆大霉素则表现耐药。结论:研究结果为华中地区猪呼吸道疾病综合征细菌性病原感染的防控提供了参考。In order to investigate the epidemic infection of bacterial pathogens of porcine respiratory disease syndrome in large-scale pig farms in central China(Hubei,Henan,and Hunan provinces).In the period of 2019-2022,1 895 clinical samples of oral and nasal swabs and lung,trachea and lymph node tissues from pigs with respiratory symptoms were collected in 45 large-scale pig farms in Hubei,Henan,Hunan and other provinces.Then,detection,isolation and culture,staining microscopy,serovar identification and drug sensitivity test of respiratory pathogens were performed.The results showed that the total detection rate of positive samples of respiratory pathogens was 39.68% (752/1 895),of whichStreptococcus suis(SS) was 20.11%(391/1 895),Pasteurella multocida(Pm) was 7.39%(140/1 895),Glaesserella parasuis(GPS) was 6.65%(126/1 895),and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae(APP) was 14.35%(272/1 895).In the nurs-ery pig stage,the detection rate of SS and GPS positive samples was higher;in the growth and fattening stage,the detection rate of APP andSS was higher.The results of the mixed infection showed that single infection accounted for 75.66%(569/752),mainly SS infection.Doub-le infection accounted for 23.80%(179/752),mainly SS + GPS and SS + APP infection.The triple infection type accounted for 0.53%(4/752),only the SS + GPS + APP type.A total of 218 respiratory pathogens were isolated and identified,including 157 strains of SS,15strains of Pm,20 strains of GPS and 26 strains of APP.The results of the serotyping showed that SS epidemic serovar was type 2,Pm epi-demic serovars were types A and D,GPS epidemic serovars were types 5 and 4,and APP epidemic serovar was type 1.The susceptibility re-sults showed that most respiratory tract isolates were sensitive to ceftiofur and florfenicol,but resistant to streptomycin and gentamicin.Theabove results provided reference for the prevention and control of bacterial pathogens of swine respiratory syndrome in the area of central China.

关 键 词：猪呼吸道疾病综合征 细菌 分离鉴定 血清型 药敏试验 

分 类 号：S852[农业科学—基础兽医学]