莫迪政府的“民主之母”战略叙事及其建构逻辑  

The Modi Government’s“Mother of Democracy”Strategic Narrative and Its Construction Logic

作　　者：田绍钧 TIAN Shao-jun

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学国际关系与公共事务学院

出　　处：《南亚东南亚研究》2025年第1期37-65,156,共30页South and Southeast Asian Studies

摘　　要：随着印度经济的崛起和印度教民族主义的勃兴,莫迪政府推出了一套标榜印度为“民主之母”的叙事。这一叙事通过挖掘古代印度教典籍来论证印度所谓的悠久民主传统,宣扬印人党政府民主治理的成效。从战略叙事的理论视角进行分析,莫迪政府的“民主之母”叙事横跨宏观、中观、微观三个层次,战略意图体现在三个方面。首先,莫迪政府运用体系叙事塑造“民主之母”的世界意义,获取道义合法性。其次,通过国家叙事来塑造“印度教国家”认同。再次,通过议题叙事输出话语性权力,最终提高印度的战略地位。莫迪政府“民主之母”战略叙事的主体多元,既有国家领导人及相关政府部门,也包括知识精英、媒体机构等。在叙事策略方面,莫迪政府通过互文性叙事策略、反叙事策略以及框定性叙事策略进行话语宣传,以增强印度“民主之母”的投射效果。然而,由于“民主之母”这一宏大叙事与印度政府实际的治理效能之间存在显著差距,叙事效果难以达到预期。从根本上来看,莫迪政府建构的“民主之母”战略叙事是印度教“国族建构”在意识形态层面的表达,是“婆罗多”(Bharat)叙事的具体体现,同时也是对西方民主话语的因应。With India’s economic rise and Hindu nationalism’s resurgence,Modi’s government frames India as the“mother of democracy,”citing ancient Hindu scriptures to validate its democratic traditions and the Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)governance.From the theoretical perspective of strategic narratives,Modi’s“mother of democracy”narrative spans macro,meso,and micro levels,with strategic intentions reflected in three key aspects.First,the Modi government uses a systemic narrative to shape the global significance of the“mother of democracy”,thereby gaining moral legitimacy.Second,it shapes a“Hindu State”identity through a national narrative.Third,it uses issue-based narratives to project discursive power,ultimately raising India’s strategic position.The key players in the Modi government’s“mother of democracy”narrative are diverse,including national leaders,relevant government departments,as well as intellectual elites,media institutions,and others.The Modi government uses intertextuality and counternarratives to reinforce India’s“mother of democracy”image.However,due to the significant gap between this grand narrative and the actual governance effectiveness of the Indian government,the narrative’s impact has not met expectations.Fundamentally,the Modi government’s construction of the“mother of democracy”strategic narrative is an expression of the ideological component of Hindu“nationbuilding”.It concretely embodies the“Bharat”narrative and also responds to Western democratic discourse.

关 键 词：战略叙事 “民主之母” 莫迪政府 印度人民党 印度教民族主义 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]