印地语阴影主义诗歌中民族意识的呈现与建构  

The Presentation and Construction of National Consciousness in Hindi Chhayavadi Poetry

作　　者：李亚兰[1] LI Ya-lan

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学亚洲学院

出　　处：《南亚东南亚研究》2025年第1期135-154,158,共21页South and Southeast Asian Studies

基　　金：“中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金”资助;北京外国语大学2022年度基本科研业务经费一般项目“默哈德维的诗歌创作及诗学思想研究”(项目编号:2022JJ021)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：印地语阴影主义诗歌兴起于20世纪20年代,主要以哲理、自然、情感为主题,以充满神秘色彩的哲思、自然意象的象征表达以及对自我情感体验的细腻描绘呈现独特诗学体系。在印度民族独立运动轰轰烈烈展开的历史背景下,阴影主义诗歌将创作视域从宏观的外部现实转向微观的内在精神,引发印地语文学界针对阴影主义诗歌文学价值评判的二元争论。本文以阴影主义诗歌代表诗人作品的文本细读为基础,从语言、情感、精神书写三重维度,考察阴影主义诗歌中民族意识的呈现与建构方式,并从阴影主义诗歌之于印度民族独立运动的价值及功能方面,论证阴影主义诗歌作为“力量诗歌”的历史合理性。阴影主义诗歌采用克利方言印地语进行诗歌创作,以基于现实产生的痛苦与爱的情感书写,以及融合了文化复兴与现代意识的精神书写,呈现了独具印度性的民族意识。阴影主义诗歌推动了在民族意识传播中被寄予厚望的克利方言印地语的发展,通过情感共鸣、文化复兴及精神建构的方式凝聚民族团结,并以其对情感、内在精神的诗歌书写践行文学反封反殖乃至发展民族现代意识的历史任务,为民族独立运动时期印度民族意识的建构作出了独特贡献,为印度民族独立运动提供了文化动力。The rise of Hindi Chhayavadi poetry in the 1920s was characterized by themes of philosophy,nature,and emotion.It presents a unique poetic system through mystical philosophical reflections,symbolic expressions of natural imagery,and delicate depictions of personal emotional experiences.Amid India’s independence movement,Chhayavadi poetry shifted from external realities to inner spirit,sparking debate over its literary value.Based on close readings of the works of representative Chhayavad poets,this paper examines the presentation and construction of national consciousness in Chhayavad poetry from three dimensions:language,emotion,and spiritual expression.It further argues for the historical validity of Chhayavadi poetry as“poetry of power”in terms of its value and function in the Indian national independence movement.This paper holds that Chhayavadi poetry,written in the Khari Boli dialect of Hindi,expresses emotions born of pain and love based on reality,alongside spiritual writing that blends cultural revival and modern consciousness,thus presenting a distinct Indian national consciousness.Chhayavadi poetry played a crucial role in advancing the development of the Khari Boli dialect of Hindi,which was highly anticipated for its role in spreading national awareness.Through emotional resonance,cultural revival,and spiritual construction,it fostered national unity and reinforced cultural identity.By emphasizing spiritual expression,it opposed colonialism,shaped national consciousness,and fueled India’s independence movement.

关 键 词：阴影主义诗歌 民族意识 语言 情感书写 精神书写 

分 类 号：I106.2[文学—世界文学]