基于真实地形的山谷场地三维地震响应特征研究  

3D seismic response characteristics of valley sites based on real terrain

作　　者：张超 张生海 殷珂 张济 曾世超 ZHANG Chao;ZHANG Shenghai;YIN Ke;ZHANG Ji;ZENG Shichao(China Railway City Development and Investment Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610000,Sichuan,China;Traffic Construction Engineering Quality Supervision and Law Enforcement Detachment of Yili Prefecture,Yining 835000,Xinjiang,China;School of Civil Engineering,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710061,Shaanxi,China;Third Engineering Co.,Ltd.,China Railway First Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Baoji 721006,Shaanxi,China;The Fourth Engineering Co.,Ltd.,China Railway No.3 Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102300,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁城市发展投资集团有限公司,四川成都610000 [2]伊犁州交通建设工程质量监督执法支队,新疆伊宁835000 [3]长安大学建筑工程学院,陕西西安710061 [4]中铁一局集团第三工程分公司,陕西宝鸡721006 [5]中铁三局集团第四工程有限公司,北京102300

出　　处：《地震工程学报》2025年第3期578-589,共12页China Earthquake Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大专项项目(41941019)。

摘　　要：为探讨典型山谷场地的地震响应特征,以北天山地区典型山谷场地为背景,还原真实地形,建立三维有限元模型,分析脉冲及非脉冲地震作用下的场地位移、加速度和谱加速度响应特征。研究结果表明:场地地震动力响应受地形影响显著,地表位移和加速度响应均随着地势的升高而整体放大,狭窄山谷区的位移响应强于宽阔山谷区,而加速度响应弱于宽阔山谷区;局部突起的山嘴地形会造成局部区域位移和加速度响应放大,非脉冲地震作用下局部加速度响应放大现象显著,而脉冲地震作用下该现象不明显;场地位移和加速度响应均随着岩土体深度的减小而放大,且浅层岩土体对位移的放大效应有所减弱,但对加速度的放大效应明显增强;两种类型地震作用下地表位移响应差异显著,加速度响应差异相对较小,随着输入地震动PGA的增加,场地位移和加速度的响应均近线性增大;山峰等高地势区域的短周期谱加速度明显高于山谷等低地势区域,山谷低地势区域的长周期谱加速度则高于山峰区域,狭窄山谷区的长周期谱加速度明显高于宽阔山谷区。在山谷场地开展工程建设时宜根据建筑结构的自身特征进行合理规划和布置。To investigate the seismic response characteristics of typical valley sites,a three-dimensional finite element numerical model was developed based on the real terrain of a representative valley site in the North Tianshan region.The model was used to analyze the response characteristics of the valley site displacements,accelerations,and spectral accelerations under pulse-like and non-pulse-like ground motions.The results reveal that the dynamic response of the site is evidently influenced by the terrain,with surface displacement and acceleration being amplified as elevation increases.The displacement response in narrow valley areas is stronger than that in wide valley areas,whereas the acceleration response is weaker.A protruding mountain spur can amplify local displacement and acceleration responses,with a more pronounced effect under non-pulse-like earthquakes and a less evident impact under pulse-like earthquakes.Site displacement and acceleration responses increase as the depth of the rock and soil mass decreases.The amplification effect of shallow rock and soil mass on displacement is weakened,whereas that on acceleration is notably enhanced.The difference in surface displacement responses between the two types of earthquakes is remarkable,whereas the difference in acceleration responses is relatively small.As the PGA of the input ground motion increases,site displacement and acceleration responses increase linearly.Short-period spectral acceleration in high-altitude regions,such as mountain peaks,is significantly higher than in low-altitude areas,such as valleys.Conversely,long-period spectral acceleration is higher in low-altitude regions than in high-altitude areas.In narrow valley areas,long-period spectral acceleration is notably higher than in wide valley areas.Therefore,when planning engineering construction in valley sites,reasonable planning and layout should be carried out according to the characteristics of the building structures.

关 键 词：真实地形 山谷场地 地震响应 地形效应 放大系数 

分 类 号：P315.4[天文地球—地震学]