积石山6.2级地震学校建筑典型震害特征及对人员疏散的启示  

Typical damage characteristics of school buildings caused by the Jishishan M_(S)6.2 earthquake and implications for personnel evacuation

作　　者：潘毅[1,2] 陈子峰 郭欣 林旭川[3,4] PAN Yi;CHEN Zifeng;GUO Xin;LIN Xuchuan(School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,Sichuan,China;Key Laboratory of Seismic Engineering of Sichuan Province,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,Sichuan,China;Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,Institute of Engineering Mechanics,CEA,Harbin 150080,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation,Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin 150080,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学抗震工程技术四川省重点实验室,四川成都610031 [3]中国地震局工程力研究所地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [4]地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《地震工程学报》2025年第3期610-620,651,共12页China Earthquake Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2139209);黑龙江省自然科学基金(JQ2021E006);成都市重点研发项目(2024-YF05-00331-SN)。

摘　　要：2023年12月18日,甘肃省积石山县发生6.2级地震。地震发生后,对处于不同烈度区的9所中小学及4个教学点内的15栋框架结构和24栋砌体结构进行调查与分析。调查结果显示,发生严重破坏的12栋建筑均为设置钢木屋架的单层砌体结构;框架结构仅有少数发生中等破坏,其余均为轻微破坏。在一些主体结构相对完好的学校建筑中,非结构构件、构筑物的震害仍相对严重,对校内师生的人生安全和疏散路径畅通造成较大影响。基于现场震害调查结果,归纳出学校建筑及内部设施常见的破坏模式,总结校内师生疏散路径中“房间”“走廊”“楼梯”“户外”等主要环节存在的潜在安全隐患。结合本次地震中学校校园空间中存在的潜在安全隐患,建议可对非结构构件、设备与构筑物采取适当加固措施,以进一步提升震后学校师生的人员安全和疏散畅通性。On December 18,2023,an M_(S)6.2 earthquake occurred in Jishishan County,Gansu Province.A field investigation was conducted immediately on 15 frame structures and 24 masonry structures from nine primary/secondary schools and four educational annexes located at varying seismic intensity zones.Key findings include the following:(1)All 12 severely damaged buildings were single-story masonry structures with steel-wood roof trusses.(2)Most frame structures sustained only minor damage,whereas others exhibited moderate damage.(3)Significant damage to nonstructural components and ancillary structures was observed even in structurally intact buildings,posing risks to the evacuation safety of students and teachers.Based on an on-site investigation,this study systematically summarizes the common seismic damage patterns in educational facilities and identifies the potential safety hazards along evacuation pathways through four key zones:classrooms,corridors,staircases,and outdoor spaces.Consequently,practical recommendations are proposed,including seismic retrofitting of nonstructural components,equipment,and ancillary structures on campus to further enhance the safety and evacuation efficiency of personnel in schools after earthquakes.

关 键 词：积石山地震 震害调查 学校建筑 震害特征 人员疏散 人员安全 

分 类 号：P319.09[天文地球—固体地球物理学]