西藏定日6.8级地震民居震害原因分析  

Causes of damage to residential buildings during the Dingri M_(S)6.8 earthquake in Xizang

作　　者：王言侨 李祥秀[1] 王宁[1] 吴清[1] 卢晨虎 刘爱文[1] WANG Yanqiao;LI Xiangxiu;WANG Ning;WU Qing;LU Chenhu;LIU Aiwen(Institute of Geophysics,CEA,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地球物理研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《地震工程学报》2025年第3期700-708,共9页China Earthquake Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42494860,52278540);北京市自然科学基金(8242021)。

摘　　要：2025年1月7日,西藏自治区日喀则市定日县措果乡发生6.8级地震,震源深度10 km。极震区位于高海拔严寒地区,震中烈度达到Ⅸ度。此次地震的震中位于青藏高原拉萨地块内部的申扎—定结裂谷,发震断裂为登么错断裂,断层错动以正断层为主,最大同震位移量近3 m。基于震前在西藏地震危险区对藏式民居结构的调查结果,梳理1980—2024年西藏地区影响较大的破坏性地震,总结分析定日6.8级地震的发震构造特点及当地民居建筑的震害情况。研究结果表明:与西藏地区历年地震相比,定日6.8级地震的震级较大,烈度较高,人员伤亡较为严重;当地民居建筑多为墙抬梁式结构,震害主要表现为自承重墙体分层剥落甚至倒塌、墙体外闪、屋盖过重引起的房屋坍塌、木柱折断或梁柱节点破坏,以及非结构构件的坠落等。最后,对此次地震人员伤亡较为严重的原因进行总结分析。研究结果可为藏区民房震害防御提供参考依据。On January 7,2025,an M_(S)6.8 earthquake occurred in Cuoguo Township,Dingri County,Shigatse City,Xizang Autonomous Region,with a focal depth of 10 km.The epicenter was located in a high-altitude frigid region along the Shenza-Dingjie rift within the Lhasa block of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.The Dengmo fault,the seismogenic fault of the earthquake,is characterized by normal faulting,with a maximum coseismic displacement of approximately 3 m.Using results from a survey of residential building structures in the earthquake-prone regions of Xizang prior to the earthquake,this paper provides a summary of significant destructive earthquakes that occurred in Xizang from 1980 to 2024.The seismogenic structure of the Dingri M_(S)6.8 earthquake and seismic damages to local residential buildings are also analyzed.The research results indicate that the Dingri M_(S)6.8 earthquake is an earthquake with large magnitude,high intensity,and serious casualties compared with the earthquakes that occurred in Xizang over the years.Most residential buildings in the local area are wall-lifted beam structures.The earthquake damages include the peeling or even collapse of self-supporting walls,external wall cracking,house collapse due to overweight roofs,broken wooden columns or beam-column joints,and the fall of nonstructural components.Finally,a comprehensive analysis is conducted to identify the factors contributing to the severe casualties in this earthquake.

关 键 词：定日地震 房屋建筑 藏式传统民居 震害分析 

分 类 号：TU352.1[建筑科学—结构工程]