湖南杉木第二代种质资源评价  

Evaluation of the second-generation germplasm resources of Chinese fir in Hunan

作　　者：谭乐明 邓仙苗 李刘泽木 虞晓乐 TAN Leming;DENG Xianmiao;LI Liuzemu;YU Xiaole(Youxian County Forestry Science Institute,Youxian 412311,Hunan,China;Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Youxian County Forestry Bureau,Youxian 412300,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]攸县林业科学研究所,湖南攸县412311 [2]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004 [3]攸县林业局,湖南攸县412300

出　　处：《湖南林业科技》2025年第2期19-26,共8页Hunan Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：湖南省林业科技攻关与创新项目(XLKJ202301)。

摘　　要：以湖南杉木第二代优树及相应的种子园无性系和子代为研究对象,对优树形质指标、生长速度、种子园无性系种子播种品质及子代增益和遗传力进行评价。结果表明:56株第二代优树均树干通直圆满、树皮薄且呈浅红色、裂纹直、结实正常,木材基本密度为0.301~0.311g·cm^(-3);树高、胸径、材积分别大于选优林分平均值的22.3%~46.1%、43.4%~60.4%和76.8%~200.2%。种子园56个无性系球果出籽率为3.65%~4.60%,种子产量为35.0~188.0g·株^(-1),种子发芽率为45.7%~53.7%,种子千粒质量为5.90~6.93g,各项种子指标均达到设计要求。56个14年生第二代家系材积生长量为0.175~0.227m3,相比初级种子园混和种材积生长量增益2.9%~33.5%,相比当地种源材积生长量增益11.9%~50.3%。不同家系间材积存在极显著差异(Ρ<0.01);经相关分析可知,攸县、江华县、会同县试验林家系材积两两之间相关系数为0.795~0.812,家系在不同区域具有高度的稳定性。种子园子代材积性状高度遗传,家系遗传力为0.463,筛选出靖全03、靖全06、靖全07、靖半01、靖半07、攸全02、攸全14、攸全15、攸全16、攸半01、攸半02、攸半06等12个种子产量高且子代生长兼优的无性系,可在种子园更新时推荐应用。Taking the second-generation superior trees of Chinese fir in Hunan and their corresponding seed orchard clones and progeny as the research subjects,the evaluation was conducted on the quality index of superior trees,the growth rate,the sowing quality of clonal seeds in the seed orchard,the offspring gain and heritably.The results showed that all 56 second-generation superior trees had straight trunks,thin reddish bark,straight cracks and normal fruiting,and the basic wood density was 0.301-0.311 g·cm^(-3).The tree height,breast diameter and volume were 22.3%-46.1%,43.4%-60.4%and 76.8%-200.2%higher than the average value of the selected superior forest stand,respectively.The cone seed setting rate of 56 clones in the seed orchard was 3.65%-4.60%,the seed yield was 35.0-188.0 g per plant,the seed germination rate was 45.7%-53.7%,and the 1000-seed weight was 5.90-6.93 g.All seed indexes met the design requirements.The volume growth of 5614-year-old second-generation families ranged from 0.175 to 0.227 m3.Compared with the primary seed orchard mixed seeds,the volume growth gain was 2.9%-33.5%.Compared with the local seed source,the volume growth gain was 11.9%-50.3%.There was extremely significant difference in volume among different families(P<0.01).According to the relevant analysis,the correlation coefficients between the volume of test families in Youxian County,Jianghua County and Huitong County were 0.795-0.812,indicating that the families had high stability in different regions.The volume characteristics of seed orchard generations were highly heritable,and the family heritability was 0.463.Twelve clone s inc hiding Jingquan 03,Jingquan 06,Jingquan 07,Jingban 01,Jingban 07,Youquan 02,Youquan 14,Youquan 15,Youquan 16,Youban 01,Youban 02 and Youban 06 with high seed yield and excellent progeny growth can be recommended for seed orchard renewal.

关 键 词：种子园 优树 无性系 家系 杉木 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]