鄱阳湖碟形湖浮游动物群落结构的空间及季节性水文变化规律  

Spatial and seasonal hydrological variation patterns of zooplankton community structure in sub-lakes of the Poyang LakeWetland

作　　者：熊露莉 关志为 周源远 张志锋 应智霞 张欢 XIONG Luli;GUAN Zhiwei;ZHOU Yuanyuan;ZHANG Zhifeng;YING Zhixia;ZHANG Huan(School of Life Sciences,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization,Ministry of Education,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学生命科学学院,江西南昌330031 [2]南昌大学鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《南昌大学学报(理科版)》2025年第2期184-197,共14页Journal of Nanchang University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32160276,31860120)。

摘　　要：鄱阳湖的生物群落多样性动态变化一直受到国内外广泛关注。浮游动物是湿地物质循环与能量流动的关键环节,研究浮游动物群落结构的时空动态变化对维持湿地生态系统功能具有重要意义。本研究聚焦于江西鄱阳湖南矶湿地国家级自然保护区内的三个典型碟形湖——白沙湖、东湖和战备湖,探究这三个碟形湖浮游动物群落结构的时空变化,以及其与水环境因子的相互关系。研究发现:①浮游动物种类构成中,轮虫种类最为丰富,且在不同水文期与采样位点,其占比均最高;②在两个年份的监测中,浮游动物的平均密度与平均生物量和水文周期变化规律相似,均表现为枯水期低于其他水文期;③浮游动物的α多样性(物种丰富度、Shannon-wiener多样性、Pielou均匀度)在不同水文期之间差异显著,而在不同碟形湖之间无显著差异,其中物种丰富度和Shannon-wiener多样性呈现出丰水期高、枯水期低的水文变化规律;④2017年,浮游动物β多样性在不同水文期差异显著,而不同碟形湖之间无显著差异;2021年,可能由于提前到来且历时较长的枯水期,碟形湖水体环境差异较大,导致浮游动物群落结构在不同水文期和不同碟形湖之间均呈现显著差异;⑤水温是影响浮游动物群落结构的关键环境因子。本研究为鄱阳湖湿地生物多样性保护与管理提供重要的数据支撑,也为深入理解亚热带洪泛湿地生态系统的结构与功能提供理论基础。The dynamics in biodiversity of biological communities in Poyang Lake have long attracted significant attention from both domestic and international researchers.Zooplankton is a key link in the material cycle and energy flow of wetlands.Studying the temporal and spatial variations in the community structure of zooplankton is of great significance for maintainingthe functions of wetland ecosystems.This study focuses on three typical sub-lakes(i.e.,Baisha Lake,Donghu Lake,and Zhanbei Lake)within the Nanji Wetland National Nature Reserve of Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province.It aims to explore the temporal and spatial variations in the community structure of zooplankton in these three sub-lakes,as well as the nelationship between them and water environmental factors.The study found that:①Among the species composition of zooplankton,rotifers were the most diverse in species,and their proportion was the highest in different hydrological periods and sampling sites.②In the monitoring of two years,the average density,average biomass of zooplankton show similar variation patterns to the hydrological cycle,both being lower in the low-water period compared to other hydrological periods.③Theαdiversity(species richness,Shannon-Wiener diversity,Pielou evenness)of zooplankton shows significant differences among different hydrological periods,but there are no pronounced differences among different sub-lakes.Among them,the species richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity exhibit the hydrological variation pattern of being high during the high-water period and low during the low-water period.④In 2017,theβdiversity of zooplankton showed significant differences among different hydrological periods,while there were no considerable differences among different sub-lakes.In 2021,possibly due to the early arrival and relatively long duration of the low-water period,there were large differences in the water body environment of the sub-lakes,resulting in significant differences in the community structure of zooplankton both among diffe

关 键 词：浮游动物 水文变化 环境因子 碟形湖 鄱阳湖 

分 类 号：Q179.1[生物学—水生生物学]