光倒刺鲃胚胎及仔、稚鱼发育研究  

Study on the embryonic,larval and j uv enile development of Spinibarbus caldwelli

作　　者：胡重华 刘斌 黄雅贞 张家海 连海 范紫嫣 张万昌 卢新民 方园 HU Chonghua;LIU Bin;HUANG Yazhen;ZHANG Jiahai;LIAN Hai;FAN Ziyan;ZHANG Wanchang;LU Xinmin;FANG Yuan(Ganzhou Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Research Institute,Ganzhou Jiangxi,341000,China;Nanchang University,Nanchang,330031,China;Ganzhou Agricultural and Rural Network,Ganzhou Jiangxi,341000,China)

机构地区：[1]赣州市畜牧水产研究所,江西赣州341000 [2]南昌大学,江西南昌330031 [3]赣州市农业农村局,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《南昌大学学报(理科版)》2025年第2期208-214,共7页Journal of Nanchang University(Natural Science)

基　　金：江西省渔业种业联合育种攻关项目(2023yyzygg-04);赣州市刺鲃种质资源保护与利用研究项目(赣市农字[2023]30号)。

摘　　要：探明养殖光倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus caldwelli)早期发育阶段的特征和规律,可为其人工繁育提供理论依据。采用显微镜观察法,对其胚胎及仔、稚鱼发育各时期的形态特征和发育特点进行了研究,并对其形态学指标进行了测量,推算出仔、稚鱼阶段生长与日龄的拟合曲线。结果表明:光倒刺鲃成熟卵直径(2.07±0.08)mm,受精吸水后直径为(2.66±0.13)mm,卵近似圆球形,呈黄或深黄色,卵质透明,沉性,具弱粘性。受精卵在水温26~27℃条件下微流水孵化,经40 h 11 min孵出仔鱼,鱼卵孵化积温1064.86℃·h。根据发育的典型形态特征,将其胚胎发育分为胚盘形成期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期、器官形成期和出膜期共7个阶段。初孵仔鱼的全长平均为(8.18±0.03)mm;6日龄卵黄大部分被吸收,进入混合营养期;7日龄卵黄基本吸收完全;20日龄各鳍鳍褶完全消失,各鳍鳍条发育完全,进入稚鱼期。对光倒刺鲃仔、稚鱼全长与日龄进行回归分析,得到0~30全长与日龄的拟合曲线:y=-0.0004x3+0.018x2+0.1474x+8.2471(R^(2)=0.9979),式中:x为日龄(d),y为全长(mm)。Exploring the characteristics and laws of the early developmental stages of Spinibarbus caldwelli can provide a theoretical basis for its artificial breeding.The microscopic observation method was adopted to study the morphological characteristics and developmental features of its embryos,larvae and juveniles at various stages,and its morphological indexes were measured to calculate the fitting curves of the growth of larvae and juveniles with age in days.The results showed that the diameter of the mature eggs of Spinibarbus caldwelli was(2.07±0.08)mm,and the diameter was(2.66±0.13)mm after being fertilized and absorbing water.The eggs were approximately spherical,yellow or dark yellow,with transparent egg quality,demersal and slightly viscous.The fertilized eggs were hatched in gently flowing water at a water temperature of 26℃to 27℃,and the larvae hatched after 40 h and 11 mins,and the accumulated temperature for egg hatching was 1064.86℃·h.According to the typical morphological characteristics of development,its embryonic development was divided into seven stages:namely,blastoderm formation stage,cleavage stage,blastula stage,gastrula stage,neurula stage,organogenesis stage and hatching stage.The average total length of the newly hatched larvae was(8.18±0.03)mm;most of the yolk was absorbed at 6 days old,and they entered the mixed nutrition stage;the yolk was basically completely absorbed at 7 days old;at 20 days old,the fin folds of all fins completely disappeared,the fin rays of all fins were fully developed,and they entered the juvenile stage.Regression analysis was carried out on the total length and age in days of the larvae and juveniles of,and the fitting curve of the total length from 0 to 30 and age in days was obtained:y=-0.0004x3+0.018x2+0.1474x+8.2471(R^(2)=0.9979),where x represents age in days(d)and y represents total length(mm).

关 键 词：光倒刺鲃 胚胎发育 仔、稚鱼发育 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]