一起变压器内部故障的录波与仿真分析  

Recording and simulation analysis of a transformer internal fault

作　　者：吴西博 胡润阁 关弘路 任欢 崔玲玲 樊开森 WU Xibo;HU Runge;GUAN Honglu;REN Huan;CUI Lingling;FAN Kaisen(State Grid Henan Electric Power Research Institute,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《电气应用》2025年第4期132-137,共6页Electrotechnical Application

摘　　要：变压器由于自然老化和外部冲击等因素,可能导致性能衰退甚至故障,威胁电力系统安全。事故分析不仅有助于预防故障重现,也为变压器设计、维护和应急处置提供重要指导。针对某主变压器故障,通过故障录波、解体检查与仿真分析研究,认为有载开关触头接触不良,受故障电流影响,激发电压振荡,进而引起线圈级间短路,甚至严重变形。提出针对性改进措施,如强化周边短路风险评估、科学深度检修分接开关、优化线路保护逻辑等,以提高变电站的安全性和可靠性。Transformers can deteriorate or even fail due to factors such as natural aging and maintenance deficiencies,threatening power system security.Accident analysis not only helps to prevent the recurrence of faults,but also provides important guidance for transformer design,maintenance and emergency management to ensure a stable power supply.To analyze the fault of No.1 main transformer of a substation,it is confirmed through fault recording,disassembly inspection and simulation analysis that the main cause of the accident is poor contact of the on-load switch contacts,which generates voltage oscillation under the influence of fault current and causes interstage short circuit.During this process,the MV-side arrester leads were dislodged,triggering an interstage shortcircuit in the regulator winding and deformation of the winding,leading to the collapse of the B-phase regulator winding.Improvement measures are proposed in the paper,such as strengthening the lightning arrester connection lead troubleshooting,carrying out regular in-depth maintenance of the main transformer,and optimizing the line protection logic,etc.,to improve the safety and reliability of the substation.

关 键 词：变压器 事故分析 试验检查 仿真分析 

分 类 号：TM41[电气工程—电器]