黔南萨克马尔期珊瑚礁特征及其环境背景  

Basic Characteristics and Palaeoenvironmental Background of a Sakmarian Coral Reef in Southern Guizhou

作　　者：王立芙 巩恩普[1] 杨臻元 王俊杰 张永利[1] 关长庆[1] WANG LiFu;GONG EnPu;YANG ZhenYuan;WANG JunJie;ZHANG YongLi;GUAN ChangQing(School of Resources&Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,沈阳110819

出　　处：《沉积学报》2025年第2期453-466,共14页Acta Sedimentologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41972002,42272008)。

摘　　要：【目的】黔南紫云地区广泛发育早二叠世浅水碳酸盐岩台地,是研究浅水海洋生物建造及其古环境背景的重要区域。【方法】以贵州省紫云县宗地镇高寨地区珊瑚礁为研究对象,从古生物学和沉积岩石学等角度进行系统研究。【结果】高寨珊瑚礁野外出露高度约3.0 m,宽度约23.6 m。礁内所产出的䗴类化石组合指示其发育的时代为早二叠世萨克马尔期早—中期。珊瑚礁主要由复体四射珊瑚福米切夫珊瑚(Fomichevella)建造而成,并发育单体四射珊瑚沟珊瑚(Bothrophyllum)、提曼珊瑚(Timania)和复体四射珊瑚柯坪珊瑚(Kepingophyllum)。珊瑚体保存较为完好,原位保存的珊瑚互相接触搭建格架形成珊瑚格架岩,格架内空间大多被珊瑚体障积的灰泥沉积物所充填。珊瑚礁内含有丰富的附礁生物,包括䗴、非䗴有孔虫、钙质藻类、微生物鲕粒、海百合、苔藓虫和腕足碎片等。通过对珊瑚礁及其上下岩层沉积微相的分析,划分出生物碎屑颗粒岩、生物碎屑泥粒岩、珊瑚格架岩和生物碎屑粒泥岩四种微相类型。珊瑚礁的基底以生物碎屑颗粒岩和生物碎屑泥粒岩为主。珊瑚礁内的微相类型主要为珊瑚格架岩,珊瑚格架间含有丰富的生物碎屑粒泥岩。珊瑚礁的顶部以生物碎屑泥粒岩为主要的微相类型。【结论】高寨珊瑚礁的生长发育主要受相对海平面波动导致的水动能强度变化所控制,这一研究为低纬度地区生物礁演化对晚古生代冰川作用的响应提供了重要证据。[Objective]During the Early Permian,shallow water carbonate platforms were widely developed in Ziyun area,southern Guizhou,which is a significant region for studying the characteristics of bioconstructions and the implications to palaeoenvironment[.Methods]The methods of paleontology and sedimentary petrology were systematically used to study the Gaozhai coral reef in Zongdi town,Ziyun county,Guizhou province.The Gaozahi coral reef was meticulously measured in the field.The lithology,sedimentary structures,bed thickness and components were documented in detail[.Results]Based on field observations,the Gaozhai coral reef is exposed with a thickness of approximately 3.0 m and a lateral exposure of nearly 23.6 m.A total of 10 species in 8 genera fusulinids were recognized:Eoparafusulina parashengi,E.pararegularis,Mccloudia contracta,Pseudofusulina cf.wulungensis,Rugosofusulina paragregariformis,Triticites daaoziensis,Zellia ex.gr.crassialveola,Sphaeroschwagerina borealis,S.sp.indet.,Boultonia wills.The fusulinids collected from the reef indicate an Early-Middle Sakmarian age.The Gaozhai coral reef is primarily composed of the in suit colonial rugose coral Fomichevella.A small quantity of solitary rugose coral Bothrophyllum,Timania and colonial rugose coral Kepingophyllum are also recognized.The coral framework is predominantly built by the branching colonial rugose coral Fomichevella preserved in situ.The great majority of corals are well-preserved,and the fragments are rare.The growth mechanism of Fomichevella is mostly attached to each other with asexual budding structure in branching forms and mostly occupies as much space as possible.The associated biotic compositions of the coral reef,including foraminifera,fusulinids,brachiopods,bryozoans,crinoids,ooids and calcareous algae,are abundant and spatially diverse.The differences in the composition of coral reef-dwellers reflect the temporal and spatial changes in the biotic constitutions of the coral reef.Four microfacies types have been identified,including bioclas

关 键 词：珊瑚礁 萨克马尔期 生物组成 微相 黔南 

分 类 号：P534.46[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]