基于晴空回波的天气雷达波束遮挡识别方法  

Identification Method of Weather Radar Beam BlockageBased on Clear-sky Echoes

作　　者：程昌玉 赖晨[2] 高兰 董丽萍 严婧 甄小琼[1,3,4] Cheng Changyu;Lai Chen;Gao Lan;Dong Liping;Yan Jing;Zhen Xiaoqiong(Key Laboratory of Atmosphere Sounding,China Meteorological Administration,Chengdu 610225,China;Hubei Meteorological Information and Technology Support Center,Wuhan 430074,China;Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局大气探测重点开放实验室,成都610225 [2]湖北省气象信息与技术保障中心,武汉430074 [3]成都信息工程大学,成都610225 [4]中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2025年第2期18-25,共8页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国气象局大气探测重点开放实验室开放课题(2021KLAS07M);湖北省自然科学基金联合基金(2023AFD107、2023AFD092);湖北省气象局科技基金(2020Z04)。

摘　　要：波束遮挡是雷达定量降水估测(Quantitative Precipitation Estimation, QPE)算法中的一个重要误差源。为提高天气雷达数据质量,提出了基于晴空回波数据的雷达波束遮挡识别方法:首先,利用天气雷达对晴空回波反射率因子的连续观测,提取径向反射率因子的均值及相邻径向反射率之间的偏差特征;然后,采用Tukey方法识别受遮挡影响的方位角,并计算该方位角处的平均反射率因子偏差。利用该方法对武汉天气雷达数据的遮挡识别实验和验证结果表明:(1)基于晴空回波的波束遮挡识别方法能够有效识别由城市建筑物引起的遮挡问题,且不依赖地形数据。(2)与降水实况过程的对比验证了该方法在晴空回波条件下识别波束遮挡的有效性。(3)该方法计算得到的反射率因子平均偏差与雷达在降水过程中观察到的波束遮挡引起的反射率因子偏差较为一致,因此在分析雷达覆盖和评估数据质量方面具有重要参考价值。Beam blockage is a major source of error in radar-based Quantitative Precipitation Estimation(QPE)algorithms.To enhance the quality of weather radar data,this paper presents a novel method for identifying radar beam blockage using clear-sky echo data.First,continuous observations of clear-air reflectivity factors are employed to derive both the mean radial reflectivity factor and the deviation characteristics between adjacent reflectivity factors.Subsequently,the Tukey method is utilized to detect the blocked azimuths and to calculate the mean reflectivity factor deviation at these azimuths.Experiments and validation conducted based on the Wuhan weather radar data demonstrate that:(1)The proposed method can effectively identify beam blockage caused by urban buildings without relying on terrain data.(2)The contrast to the observed precipitation processes confirms the effectiveness of this method under clear-sky echo conditions.(3)The calculated mean reflectivity factor deviation by this method is more consistent with the deviations observed under beam blockage during precipitation events.The aforementioned effects of this method highlight its value for radar coverage analysis and data quality assessment.

关 键 词：天气雷达 波束遮挡 晴空回波 识别 

分 类 号：P405[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]