洛阳市近40 a人居环境气候舒适度变化分析  

Analysis of Climate Comfortability Changes of Human Settlement Environment in Luoyang City in Recent 40 Years

作　　者：张玮 刘玉洁 Zhang Wei;Liu Yujie(Luoyang Meteorological Office of Henan Province,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳市气象局,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2025年第2期64-72,共9页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(232102321007);河南农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室应用技术研究基金项目(KQ202127)。

摘　　要：采用1981—2020年洛阳9个国家气象站的逐月、逐日观测资料,根据《人居环境气候舒适度评价》(GB/T 27963—2011)的评价指标,采用线性回归、相关分析、滑动平均、Mann-Kendall突变检验等方法,评估了洛阳市人居环境气候舒适度区域分布特征和变化趋势。结果表明:(1)洛阳市全年属冷不舒适等级,其中11月至次年3月寒冷,4月和10月冷,5—6月、8—9月舒适,7月热,全年无闷热月份。(2)洛阳市年平均温湿指数波动上升,平均每10 a增加0.3,具有10 a周期性变化;风效指数呈抛物线趋势,2000年前后达到峰值。(3)全市年平均有146—147天的寒冷日数和舒适日数,冷、热、闷热日数占比较小。(4)洛阳市不同区域舒适度差异较大。中部山区的嵩县和洛宁冬季温暖,舒适期较长,海拔较高的山地栾川冬冷夏凉,丘陵、河谷地带的孟津和宜阳舒适期较短,平原地带的市区、偃师热日数和闷热日数最多。(5)洛阳市的寒冷日数、热日数不显著增加,闷热日数在2002年、2009年突变后显著增加,舒适日数减少,冷日数无明显趋势,2019年、2016年分别作为寒冷日数和舒适日数的突变点具有一定的合理性和较高可信度。20世纪80年代中后期至2010年前后,是洛阳市人居环境相对舒适的时段,2010年后舒适度持续变差,2015年至今尤甚。Based on the monthly and daily observation data of nine national meteorological stations in Luoyang City from 1981 to 2020,and according to the evaluation index of“Climate Comfortability for the Human Settlements”(GB/T 279632011),the regional distribution characteristics and change trends of climate comfortability of human settlement environment in Luoyang are evaluated by using linear regression,correlation analysis,sliding averages,Mann-Kendall change point test and other methods.The results show that:(1)Luoyang has a cold and uncomfortable level throughout the year,being chilly from November to March of the next year,cold in April and October,comfortable from May to June and August to September,and hot in July.There are no muggy months throughout the year.(2)The annual average temperature-humidity index of Luoyang has a wavelike upward trend,increasing by 0.3 every 10 years on average,with a 10-year cyclical variation.The wind chill index shows a parabolic trend,and reached its peak around the year 2000.(3)There are 146147 chilly and comfortable days in the city on average every year,and the number of cold,hot and muggy days accounts for a small percentage.(4)The comfortability level in Luoyang varies greatly among regions.Songxian County and Luoning in the central mountainous region have warmer winter,so the comfort period is longer there.Luanchuan in the mountainous area with higher altitude has colder winter and cooler summer,while Mengjin and Yiyang in the hilly and river valley have shorter comfort periods.The urban area and Yanshi in the plains have the most hot and muggy days.(5)The number of chilly and hot days in Luoyang did not increase significantly,the number of muggy days increased significantly after abrupt changes in 2002 and 2009,while the number of comfortable days decreased,and the number of cold days showed no clear trend.The years 2019 and 2016 are regarded as change points for chilly and comfortable days with strong rationality and high reliability.From the mid-late 1980s to around 201

关 键 词：人居环境气候舒适度 温湿指数 风效指数 各舒适等级日数 洛阳市 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]