近场爆炸下空心板梁桥抗爆性能研究  

Anti-blast Resistance Analysis of Void-Slab Girder Under Close-by Blast

作　　者：胡志坚[1] 马亮[1] HU Zhijian;MA Liang(School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan,430063,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学交通与物流工程学院,武汉430063

出　　处：《振动.测试与诊断》2025年第2期338-345,414,415,共10页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52178510);江西省交通运输厅科技资助项目(2021Z0001)。

摘　　要：为了研究空心板梁桥抗爆性能,在任意拉格朗日-欧拉(arbitrary Lagrange-Euler,简称ALE)多物质流固耦合理论基础上,使用LS-DYNA软件对空心板梁桥爆炸问题进行求解分析。通过模拟试验梁爆炸来验证模拟方法的准确性,从不同TNT当量、横截面上不同典型爆点部位和不同爆点区域等方面对空心板梁桥的损伤过程、压力场和动力响应进行参数化分析,以研究空心板梁桥的破坏模式和损伤情况。结果表明:爆炸冲击波进入空心板梁的空心室后,会在空心室内聚集,超压峰值因约束效应而增大,空心板底部很薄则很容易被击穿,导致更严重的破坏;当比例距离大于0.1 m/kg^(1/3)时,空心板梁的破坏模式为弯剪组合破坏,即空心较薄处表现为剪切破坏模式,腹板处表现为受弯模式;当比例距离小于0.1 m/kg^(1/3)时,空心板梁的破坏模式为剪切破坏;随着TNT当量的增加,空心板梁桥破坏模式由弯剪组合破坏过渡到剪切破坏,局部剪切破坏特征越来越明显;相较于TNT在空心板梁桥中心爆炸,其在梁桥边侧爆炸时对结构更不利,这是因为边侧空心板相较于其他梁板横向联系较弱,单梁刚度较小。To study the anti-blast resistance of void-slab girder,LS-DYNA software is applied to numerically simulate void-slab girder under near-field blast loads based on arbitrary Lagrange-Euler(ALE) method.The accuracy of the simulation method is proved to be satisfactory according to the model beam explosion test,then the parametric analysis of the damage process,pressure field and dynamic response of void slab girder is conducted to study the failure modes and damage situation by considering various aspects such as different TNT equivalents,typical explosion points on different cross-sections,and different explosion areas.The results show that:after the blast wave enters the void chamber of the void slab girder,it will accumulate and cause the overpressure peak to increase due to the effect of restraint.If the floor of the void slab is very thin,it is easily punctured to cause more severe damage.When the proportional distance is greater than 0.1 m/kg~(1/3),the failure mode of the void slab girder is bending-shear failure.Specifically,the thinner part of the void section exhibits shear failure mode,while the web plate region exhibits bending mode.When the proportional distance is less than 0.1 m/kg~(1/3),the failure mode of the void slab girder is shear failure.With the increasing of TNT equivalent,the failure mode of the void slab girder changes from bending-shear failure to shear failure,and the feature of local shear failure is becoming more and more obvious.Compared with explosion on the center of void-slab girder,the explosion on the side is more harmful to the structure.This is because the lateral connection of the void plate is weaker than that of other plates,and the stiffness of the single beam is smaller.

关 键 词：空心板梁桥 近场爆炸荷载 压力场 动力响应 破坏模式 抗爆性能 

分 类 号：U448.2[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]