中型动物5.8 mm制式手枪近距离致伤及负压封闭引流系统安装模型的建立  

Preparation of a close-range firearm injury model in medium-sized animals with 5.8 mm pistol and installation of vacuum sealing drainage system

作　　者：黄孝泳 倪前伟[2] 魏婷 许琴[3] 李佳佳[3] 丁宇 谭凯 孙睿哲 高瞻[2] HUANG Xiaoyong;NI Qianwei;WEI Ting;XU Qin;LI Jiajia;DING Yu;TAN Kai;SUN Ruizhe;GAO Zhan(Graduate School,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,China;Department of Maxillofacial Surgery,General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command,Urumqi 830000,China;Department of Animal Experimentation,General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command,Urumqi 830000,China;Army Academy of Border and Coastal Defense,Urumqi 830001,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学研究生院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆军区总医院颌面外科,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [3]新疆军区总医院动物实验科,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [4]陆军边海防学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830001

出　　处：《空军军医大学学报》2025年第4期544-549,共6页Journal of Air Force Medical University

基　　金：全军后勤科研开放项目(CLJ18J022)。

摘　　要：目的探讨中型动物后肢5.8 mm制式手枪近距离火器伤模型制备及负压封闭引流(VSD)系统安装的条件及方法。方法选择3头雌性健康猪,体质量30~35 kg,3月龄,动物单圈饲养,温度保持在20~25℃之间,湿度在40%~60%之间。在饲养室内使用原饲料喂养3 d,让实验动物适应环境,实验前1 d禁食水。实验当天对实验动物麻醉后进行射击姿势固定。由固定的军人进行手枪射击后,使用担架将猪抬离试验场地,在安全的平地进行伤口的紧急处理,止血、冲洗伤口,创面组织取材和清创,使用一次性负压引流护创材料进行创面包扎,然后立即转运回实验仓内,进行72 h负压引流,在建立负压引流后24、48、72 h时观察创面愈合情况并进行取材,HE染色探究病理性变化情况。结果成功制备中型猪后肢火器伤模型,使用VSD系统有利于中型猪后肢火器伤创面的愈合,降低炎症反应。在安全性评价方面,中型猪火器伤致伤后3 d,体质量及进食水量无明显差异,模型较为稳定。结论本实验成功建立了5.8 mm致伤手枪后肢火器伤模型,同时提示VSD系统能有效降低火器伤的感染概率。Objective To investigate the conditions and methods for the preparation of close-range firearm injury model of hind limbs in medium-sized animals with 5.8 mm pistol and the installation of vacuum sealing drainage(VSD)system.Methods Three female healthy pigs,weighing 3035 kg and aged 34 months,were selected and raised in a single pen,with the temperature maintained between 20℃and 25℃and the humidity between 40%and 60%.The experimental animals were fed with the original feed for 3 d in the rearing room to adapt to the environment,and water was fasted 1 d before the experiment.On the day of the experiment,the experimental animals were anaesthetized and then fixed in a shooting position.After pistol shooting by a fixed soldier,the pigs were carried away from the experimental site using a stretcher,and emergency wound treatment was carried out in a safe flat area,including hemostasis,wound flushing,traumatic tissue sampling and debridement,and wound dressing using disposable negative-pressure drainage wound protection materials,and then immediately transferred back to the experimental warehouse for 72 h negative-pressure drainage.The wound healing was observed at 24,48 and 72 h after the establishment of negative pressure drainage,and samples were taken to explore the pathological changes by HE staining.Results The firearm injury model of hind limbs in medium-sized pigs was successfully prepared,and the use of VSD system was beneficial to the healing of firearm wound in hind limbs of medium-sized pigs and reduced inflammatory reaction.In terms of safety evaluation,there was no significant difference in body mass and water intake 3 d after firearm injury in medium-sized pigs,and the model was relatively stable.Conclusion This experiment successfully establishes a firearm injury model of hind limbs with 5.8 mm wound-causing pistol,and suggests that the VSD system can effectively reduce the probability of infection of firearm injury.

关 键 词：负压封闭引流 5.8 mm制式手枪 模型 中型动物 

分 类 号：R826[医药卫生—临床医学] R-332