基于有限元的钢轨断裂识别研究  

Rail fracture localization based on finite elements

作　　者：金松 JIN Song(Shanhaiguan Maintains Department of Shenyang Railway Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Qinhuangdao Hebei 066200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路沈阳局集团有限公司山海关工务段,河北秦皇岛066200

出　　处：《河北省科学院学报》2025年第2期16-21,62,共7页Journal of The Hebei Academy of Sciences

摘　　要：针对钢轨脆性断裂监测问题,开展了基于有限元-声发射波传播的钢轨断裂定位研究。采用显式有限元方法建立CHN60钢轨断裂声发射分析模型,考虑钢轨断裂的逻辑顺序声发射波相互干扰等约束条件,研究钢轨不同断裂形式下声发射波的传播特性及钢轨断裂的位置定位。研究结果表明:钢轨全截面断裂时,由声发射波引起的钢轨内部应力与位移大小各不相同;钢轨断裂释放的弹性波在钢轨表面引起微小位移的最大位移值位置与弹性波聚焦的位置不同;采用皮尔逊相关系数与基于线性平面定位方法可定位钢轨断裂位置,判别方法可行,定位精度在合理范围内。Aiming at the problem of rail brittle fracture monitoring,the research on rail fracture localization based on finite element-acoustic emission wave propagation was carried out.An acoustic emission(AE)analysis model for CHN60 rail fracture was established using the explicit finite element method,incorporating constraints such as the mutual interference of the logical sequence of rail fractures.The propagation characteristics of AE waves under different fracture forms of rails and the localization of rail fractures were investigated.The results show that the internal stress and displacement of the rail caused by the AE wave exhibit differences due to the fracture of the whole section of the rail.The location of the peak displacement value induced by the elastic waves released from the rail fracture on the rail surface deviates from the elastic wave focusing position.The Pearson correlation coefficient,combined with a linear plane localization technique,enables effective localization of rail fractures,demonstrating the feasibility of this approach with positioning accuracy within an acceptable range.

关 键 词：钢轨脆性断裂 声发射波 皮尔逊相关系数 线性平面定位 

分 类 号：U213.4[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TB303[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]