近场爆炸下舰船破损舱室内部载荷特性分析  

Analysis of internal load characteristics of damage cabin under near-field underwater explosion

作　　者：伍星星 刘建湖[1] 汪俊[1] 王海坤[1] 张伦平[1] WU Xingxing;LIU Jianhu;WANG Jun;WANG Haikun;ZHANG Lunping(China Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214082,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2025年第2期308-316,共9页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

基　　金：国防基础科研计划资助项目(B0820132045);国家重点安全基础研究资助项目(613279)。

摘　　要：[目的]旨在揭示近场爆炸下破损舱室内部载荷特性。[方法]以大尺度舱段模型水下近场爆炸试验为基础,针对试验后由模型外板形成的高速破片群载荷、由爆轰产物引起的准静态压力载荷以及由气泡失稳引起的水射流载荷等,采用数值仿真与理论手段进行深入分析。[结果]结果显示,在近场水下爆炸下,由舷侧外板形成的飞向舱室内爆的次生高速破片载荷仍具有很高的飞行速度,可对舱室内部结构及设备形成二次打击,基于改进的泰勒平板理论的计算方法可用于评估高速破片的速度;舷侧外板在强冲击波载荷作用下形成破口后,后续的爆轰产物通过破口进入舱室内部可形成类似于“准静态压力载荷”,对内部舱室舱壁、甲板等构件形成整体大变形破坏模式,并引起构件连接处的撕裂破坏;舷侧外板形成破口后,首次发现破损舱室内部可遭受来自高速水流的二次毁伤破坏,高速水流的形成因素主要包含强冲击波载荷传播、爆轰产物膨胀和残余气泡的收缩失稳这3类。[结论]所做研究可为后续水下近场爆炸下破损舱室内部载荷评估提供重要依据。[Objective]This research aims to investigate the internal load characteristics of damaged cabins under near-field underwater explosion.[Method]Loadings including high-speed fragment velocity of damaged outer plates,quasi-static pressure loads caused by detonation products,and water jetting loads resulting from bubble instability were explored by combining numerical simulation and theoretical methods,which basesd on large-scale cabin segment model experiment subject to near-field underwater explosions.[Results]The results indicate that the secondary high-speed fragment loads generated from outer plates in near-field underwater explosions still resist high speed,which could cause huge damage to internal cabin structures and equipment.A thoery method based on the modified Taylor flat plate theory was proposed to predict the velocity of high-speed fragments.A quasi-static pressure loading generated by exiting detonation products could result in overall large deformation and tearing at cabin boundary.For the first time,it was discovered that the damaged cabin could suffer secondary damage from high-speed water jets,and the formation of high-speed water jets mainly attributed to three factors:strong shock wave propagation,detonation product expansion,and residual bubble contraction instability.[Conclusion]This study provides a significant basis for the assessment of internal cabin loads under near-field underwater explosions.

关 键 词：舰船 抗爆性 抗冲击性 水下爆炸 破损空舱 高速破片 准静态压力 高速水流 

分 类 号：U661.43[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]