适用于山区岩石地形的输电线路膨胀地锚优化设计  

Optimization Design of Expansion Anchor for Transmission Line Suitable for Mountainous Rock Terrain

作　　者：易莹鑫 吴晓鸣 杨国强 蔡亮 陈家驹 万书亭[2] YI Yingxin;WU Xiaoming;YANG Guoqiang;CAI Liang;CHEN Jiaju;WAN Shuting(State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company Construction Branch,Chongqing 401121,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenanceand Failure Prevention,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China)

机构地区：[1]国网重庆市电力公司建设分公司,重庆401121 [2]华北电力大学河北省电力机械装备健康维护与失效预防重点实验室,河北保定071003

出　　处：《机械与电子》2025年第4期19-26,共8页Machinery & Electronics

基　　金：国网重庆市电力公司科技项目资助(2024渝电科技46#)。

摘　　要：为了提高输电线路施工地锚在山区岩石地形使用的便捷性和可靠性,设计了一种新型膨胀地锚,并根据其受力情况对膨胀套筒进行了结构优化。首先介绍了新型膨胀地锚的基本结构并进行受力分析,探讨了地锚可靠锚固的条件和岩石的应力集中机理;然后利用Bezier曲线对地锚的膨胀套筒进行参数化设计并建立多目标优化模型,基于ISIGHT优化平台结合多目标粒子群算法寻找膨胀套筒的最优结构参数,进而降低岩石孔壁的应力峰值;最后利用有限元仿真和试验对优化结果进行验证。结果表明:优化后地锚对岩石孔壁的挤压载荷分布更加均匀,岩石孔壁上最大应力峰值由38.15 MPa降至10.87 MPa,低于大部分软质岩石的单轴抗压强度,提高了安全使用范围;优化后地锚在C30混凝土试验台上可以承受25 kN以上拉拔力,与现有的剪式膨胀型岩石地锚相比具有更高的锚固可靠性。In order to improve the convenience and reliability of ground anchors for transmission line construction in mountainous and rocky terrain,a new type of expanding ground anchor is designed,and the structure of the expanding sleeve is optimized according to its stress conditions.Firstly,the basic structure of the new type of expanding ground anchor is introduced and force analysis is carried out,and the conditions for reliable anchoring of the ground anchor and the mechanism of stress concentration in the rock are discussed.Then,the parametric design of the expanding sleeve of the ground anchor is carried out by using the Bezier curve,and a multi-objective optimization model is established,and the optimal structural parameters of the expanding sleeve are searched for based on the ISIGHT optimization platform combined with the multi-objective particle swarm algorithm to reduce the stress peaks of the rock wall.Finally,the optimization results are verified by finite element simulation and test.The results show that the optimized ground anchor has a more uniform distribution of the extrusion load on the rock wall,and the maximum peak stress on the rock wall is reduced from 38.15 MPa to 10.87 MPa,which is lower than the uniaxial compressive strength of most of the soft rocks,thus improving the safe use range.The optimized ground anchor can withstand a pull-out force of more than 25 kN on a C30 concrete test platform and has a high anchorage reliability compared to existing shear expansion type rock anchors.

关 键 词：山区岩石地形 输电线路 膨胀地锚 多目标优化 有限元仿真 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TU476[建筑科学—结构工程]