人口发展新常态下政府人才政策如何赋能民营企业高质量发展  

How Can Government Talent Policies Empower the High-Quality Development of Private Enterprises Under the New Normal of Population Development

作　　者：张磊磊[1] 冯梦云 姚祎辰 Zhang Leilei;Feng Mengyun;Yao Yichen(School of Political Science and Public Administration,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China;School of Business,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China;School of Economics,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学政治与公共管理学院,河南郑州450000 [2]郑州大学商学院,河南郑州450000 [3]中国海洋大学经济学院,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《创新科技》2025年第4期30-44,F0002,共16页Innovation science and technology

基　　金：河南省软科学研究项目“制度质量视角下政府人才政策对民营经济高质量发展的影响研究”(242400411158);河南省软科学研究计划项目“数字化转型对区域创新绩效的影响:基于河南省县(区、市)面板数据的实证研究”(222400410494)。

摘　　要：民营经济高质量发展的关键是用好人才这个“第一资源”。随着我国人口发展进入新常态,需要以人口高质量发展打造高素质人力资源,进而推动民营经济高质量发展。对北大法宝数据库中2008—2022年我国各省地级市及以上行政级别的政府机关单位发布的人才政策进行文本分析,构建人才政策指标,并结合沪深A股民营上市公司数据,实证分析人才政策对民营企业高质量发展的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:①人才政策可以显著促进民营企业高质量发展,②人才政策通过提高民营企业商业信用、降低民营企业管理成本、提高民营企业创新质量来促进其高质量发展,③异质性分析显示,人才政策对市场化程度较低地区的企业、规模较大的企业以及高资源禀赋地区的企业影响更为显著,④拓展研究显示,高管政治关联在人才政策促进民营企业高质量发展中发挥正向调节作用。研究结论不仅为民营企业加强人才政策红利的挖掘与应用,进而推动高质量发展提供了参考,也为政府人才政策的优化升级提供了启示。As China's demographic development enters a new normal,precisely introducing,rationally allocating,and effectively incentivizing talents—the"primary resource"—plays a decisive role in promoting the high-quality development of the private economy.Based on the text analysis method,this paper manually queries and classifies the talent policies issued by government agencies at the prefecture level and above across 31 provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities(excluding Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan)from 2008 to 2022 using the PKULAW database.It constructs indicators for talent policy,aligns this data with that of A-share private listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen,and empirically tests the impact of government talent policies on the high-quality development of private enterprises and its specific mechanism utilizing a two-way fixed effect model of panel data.The results show that:①The government's talent policy can significantly promote the high-quality development of private enterprises.②Mechanism analysis,based on the TOE theoretical framework,reveals that the talent policy promotes this development of private enterprises by improving the commercial credit,reducing enterprise management costs,and enhancing the innovation quality of private enterprises.③Heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of the talent policy is more pronounced in enterprises operating in a low market-oriented institutional environment,large-scale enterprises,and those with high resource endowment.Among the four types of talent policies,the most significant positive impact comes from the policies focusing on talent training and selection,followed by the mobility and introduction policies.④Extended research shows that the political connection of senior executives plays a positive moderating role in the impact of the government's talent policy on the high-quality development of private enterprises.This is mainly because the establishment of political connections not only helps private enterprises create a favorable busines

关 键 词：政府人才政策 民营企业高质量发展 文本分析法 TOE框架 人力资源 

分 类 号：G301[文化科学]